The influence of magnetic treatment parameters on the rheological properties of oils has been investigated. It has been noted that the strongest effect on these properties is produced by the regime of magnetic treatment -steady-state or flowing, the volume rate of oil flow, and the induction value of the magnetoactivator magnetic field. The optimal regimes of magnetic treatment have been determined. It has been shown that treatment of oil with a magnetic field promotes a decrease in the solidification temperature and the amount of asphalt-resin deposits.At present, the most acute problems in oil production are paraffinization of wells and exhaust lines, as well as a high accident rate of pipelines. This is due to the complete absence of pipes with a protective coating and the insufficient number of applied inhibitors preventing corrosion and the formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits (ARPD). Providing the necessary decrease in the rate of corrosion and ARPD, the inhibitors are irrevocably lost; they require special dosing equipment and considerable working expenses. An alternative technique is magnetic treatment (MT) of pumped liquids, which in the last few years has proved to be good in the oil fields of Russia, Vietnam, China, and other countries owing to the low cost of MT devices and the practically complete absence of working expenses [1-6].Magnetoactivators found the widest practical use for controlling ARPDs and deposits of salts on the walls of oil wells [1, 2, 6]. Settling in the process of evaporation on the walls of pipes, rods, and on other parts of the well equipment, mixtures of salts, paraffin, and resin-asphalt substances (RAS) decrease the flow rate of oil in the pipes, hinder the operation of pumps, and considerably shorten the intervals between cleanings. Magnetoactivators equipped with centering elements are fixed in any part of the tubing string (TS) of the well below the zone of intensive deposition of ARPDs. The application of magnetoactivators decreases the rate of corrosion of pipelines 2-10 times, increases the intercleaning period of operation of TSs by a factor of more than 10, and enables the effect of MT to last for up to 72 h [1, 4, 5].However, production tests in a number of oil fields revealed both positive effects and negative consequences in using magnetoactivators for combating oil deposits [2]. The absence of theoretical substantiation of the mechanism of magnetic actions on oil dispersive systems (ODS) often makes it impossible to predict in good time the possible effect of this action and design magnetoactivators with optimal parameters. The scientific explanation of results obtained in practice is limited by the insufficient theoretical treatment of the problem of the action of magnetic forces (MF) because of the complexity of the structural and energy transformations proceeding in substances with different structures at the micro-and macrolevels.Several qualitative theories that form the basis of the mechanism of MF action on ODSs are known. These are: "colloidal" hy...
The title is incorrect. The correct title should be "Immunoreactivity of Orexin-Containing Neurons in the Hypothalamus and the Level of Expression of the Preproorexin Gene in These Cells after Administration of Lipopolysaccharide."
In any historical epochб the sense of life is one of the key questions of human existence. However, the problem of the sense of life becomes especially relevant during critical historical epochs, including todays, because without solving this problem it is impossible to develop constructive tendencies of the new stage of social development. From the Marxist point of view, the key sense-making factor is always labor, since the latter is the essential force of human force, which enables heopleim to be the cause of themselves. Accordingly, radical changes in labor eventually lead to significant changes in the sense of life, which, through spiritual choices, have an inverse effect on labor. Hence, the need for a dialectical consideration of the question of the sense of life not only in the abstract-universal, but also in the concrete-universal, historical aspect. K. Marx singles out a special (creative and selfdetermined) type of laboruniversal labor, which only in the present epoch receives great quantitative distribution and qualitative development. This research examines the influence of the formation of universal labor on the actual and potential changes in the sense of life of our contemporaries. It is shown that universal labor, opposing laborjob and spreading in conditions of sense-life problems conditioned by labor-job of decaying capitalist epoch, itself leads to sense-life crises of two types. The first one characterizes such crises within the framework of late capitalism, the second one within the framework of the emerging post-capitalism. The first type is associated with the external contradictions of universal labor, the second type with its internal contradictions. Nevertheless, the internal tendencies of the formation of universal labor, associated with its developed cooperation (with both contemporaries and predecessors), are aimed at a favorable resolution of sense-life difficulties.
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