The microbiome of oral cavity in healthy people and patients with periodontitis was analyzed to determine their adhesive properties and the ability to form biofilms. The study involved 2 groups: healthy, 18 people, and an experimental group, 20 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis moderate severity of the disease. The average age of the studied people was 35-45 years. Material - dental plaque, scraping from the mucous membrane of the back of the tongue, the contents of the periodontal groove and periodontal pocket, as well as oral fluid. The main method of diagnostic was bacteriological. The average adhesion index (AAI) was used to determine adhesion level of microorganisms to epithelial cells of oral cavity’s mucous membrane. The microbiota’s ability to form biofilm was tested on glass and plastic surface. The microbiota of oral cavity of patients with periodontitis was characterized by decrease in the frequency of bacteria of the genera: Streptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Peptococcus, and an increase in Staphylococcus aureus, Veillonella spp., Bacillus spp. The microbiota of the oral cavity of patients with generalized periodontitis has a greater ability to adhere to the cells of the mucous membrane than in healthy people, while their ability to form biofilms and exhibit pathogenic properties is enhanced. The biofilm formation of microorganisms in healthy and sick people differs both on glass and on plastic surfaces.
The microflora of 64 biopsies taken during fibrogastroduodenoscopy of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum in healthy volunteers and 1120 samples obtained from the same parts of the digestive tract in patients with esophagitis, chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease were studied. The patients ranged in age from 18 to 62 years. Traditional bacteriological method was used to isolate and identify microorganisms. Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Lactobacillus spp., Bacteroides spp., Stomatococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Corynebacterium spp., Micrococcus spp., Neisseria spp., Veilonella spp. were isolated from biopsies of healthy respondents in an average amount from 3.2 to 4.68 lg CFU/g. H.pylori was found in 60% (5.66 lg CFU/g) in the esophagus, in 33.3% of cases (5.12 lg CFU/g) from the fundal part of the stomach, in 44.4% (5.25 lg CFU/g) from the antral part of the stomach, in 5.5% (4.2 lg CFU/g) in the duodenal mucosa. In samples obtained from the inflamed and eroded mucous membrane of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum, opportunistic bacteria of the genera Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Peptococcus, Actinomyces, yeast fungi of the genus Candida etc. were detected in an amount exceeding 4 lg CFU/g. H. pylori isolated in 6.3-16.7% of patients (4.25-4.6 lg CFU/g) and did not dominate in relation to other microorganisms, and in most cases had a low frequency of its occurrence. In patients with the recurrence of peptic ulcer disease, exacerbation of chronic gastritis and esophagitis, dysbiosis was developed, characterized by an increase in the species and quantitative composition of opportunistic microflora, an increase in its enzymatic and cytotoxic activity, which can contribute to the maintenance of inflammatory and necrotic processes and inhibit the elimination of the pathological process.
The work characterizes the intestinal microbiota of patients with ischemic stroke, including the spectrum, frequency and number of microorganisms, as well as the spectrum and amount of gas signaling molecules secreted by lactobacilli. It was found that in patients with ischemic stroke, the frequency of the main representatives of normal microflora, Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Escherichia coli, decreased in 2-3 times, and the same time the prevalence of Clostridia spp., Bacillus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Klebsiella spp. increased in 2-3 times; yeast like fungi C. albicans was isolated in 25% of cases. Lactobacilli isolated from the intestinal microbiota of patients with ischemic stroke were represented by a wide variety of species: L. rhamnosus, L. fermentum, L. plantarum, L. brevis, L. pentosus, L. curvatus, L. salivarius. In most cases, they did not produce NO, they released CO 2 times less compared to healthy people. The most active NO producers - L. plantarum, CO - L. rhamnosus.
BACKGROUND: Oligohydramnios in preterm premature rupture of membranes is the cause of increased perinatal morbidity and mortality among preterm newborns. Microbiological features in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes and oligohydramnios are probably some of the determining factors affecting the implementation of an unfavorable outcome of gestation. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine microbiological features and perinatal outcomes in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes and oligohydramnios. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study conducted from 2018 to 2021 included 161 pregnant women with PPROM at 24 to 33 weeks and 6 days of gestation. Of these, the main group consisted of 83 patients with signs of oligohydramnios, while the control group comprised 78 patients without oligohydramnios. Patient examination upon admission to the hospital included analysis of the amniotic fluid index, the white blood cell differential, plasma ferritin and C-reactive protein levels, and bacteriological tests of vaginal secretions by isolating and growing microbes on optimal culture media. RESULTS: The patients with oligohydramnios had shorter latent period (р = 0.004), but the noted distinctions were a higher frequency of clinical chorioamnionitis (р = 0.025), fetal distress (р = 0.030), and earlier parturition (р = 0.040) with more frequent caesarean sections (р = 0.016) compared to the control group. Vaginal microbiota in the main group showed a higher prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus (р = 0.008), Bacteroides spp. (р = 0.030), Streptococcus spp. (р = 0.002), Micrococcus spp. (p 0.001), Bacillus subtilis (p 0.001), Bacillus megaterium (p = 0.009), Bacillus buchneri (р = 0.008), Klebsiella pneumoniae (р = 0.002), Haemophilus spp. (р = 0.005) and no Candida albicans compared to the control group. In the main group, newborns more often had a lower body weight at birth (р = 0.002) and a lower Apgar score at the fifth minute (р = 0.011). They also showed higher incidences of respiratory distress syndrome (р = 0.006), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (р = 0.036), congenital pneumonia (р = 0.011) and necrotizing enterocolitis (р = 0.022) and more often needed treatment in an intensive care unit (р = 0.034), including surfactant supplementation (р = 0.007), cardiotonic support (р = 0.004) and artificial lung ventilation (р = 0.006) compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Oligohydramnios in preterm premature rupture of membranes is associated with pronounced dysbiotic changes in the vaginal microbiota including the prevalence of Micrococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus and absence of Candida spp. from the isolates, as well as increased incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes.
The purpose of the work is to determine the spectrum, quantity and frequency of occurrence of microorganisms in the oral fluid and large intestine in healthy young men under changes of living conditions. A survey was conducted of 14 nonresident young men, students of the 1st and 2nd courses, studying at Tver State Medical University, which included questions about the place of birth, living conditions, the presence of chronic diseases and the frequency of their exacerbations over the past year, water and food regimes, physical exertion, the presence of bad habits and emotional stress, etc. The oral fluid and feces were examined to determine the spectrum and amount of microbiota of the upper and lower parts of the gastrointestinal tract. As the result of the survey, it was found that the living conditions of all young men significantly worsened among second-year students than freshmen. It was revealed that colon microbiota in sophomores characterized by less diverse than those of first-year, despite of a marked increase in the number of opportunistic pathogens (Stаphylocоccus spp., Strерtocoсcus spp., Clоstridium spp., Васillus spp., Кlebsiеlla spp.) over resident microbes. It was found the decrease in the number and frequency of occurrence of all microbial representatives in the oral microbiota of 2nd year students in comparison with first-year. It was proved that the deterioration of living conditions of nonresident students led to the increase in the number of second-year students with dysbiotic changes in the intestinal microbiota from 86% to 100%, mainly due to the increase in the number of persons with dysbiosis of II and III degree.
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