Exogenous short biologically active peptides epitalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly), bronchogen (Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu), and vilon (Lys-Glu) at concentrations 10-10 M significantly influence growth, development, and differentiation of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) callus cultures. Epitalon and bronchogen, in particular, both increase growth of calluses and stimulate formation and growth of leaves in plant regenerants. Because the regulatory activity of the short peptides appears at low peptide concentrations, their action to some extent is like that of the activity of phytohormones, and it seems to have signaling character and epigenetic nature. The investigated peptides modulate in tobacco cells the expression of genes including genes responsible for tissue formation and cell differentiation. These peptides differently modulate expression of CLE family genes coding for known endogenous regulatory peptides, the KNOX1 genes (transcription factor genes) and GRF (growth regulatory factor) genes coding for respective DNA-binding proteins such as topoisomerases, nucleases, and others. Thus, at the level of transcription, plants have a system of short peptide regulation of formation of long-known peptide regulators of growth and development. The peptides studied here may be related to a new generation of plant growth regulators. They can be used in the experimental botany, plant molecular biology, biotechnology, and practical agronomy.
S u m m a r yThe authors investigated the effect of light-emitting diode irradiator with maximum in the region of red (λ max 6305 nm, 6605 nm) and blue (λ max 4505 nm, 4705 nm) light on growth processes and activity of photosynthetic apparatus in potato plants of the Nevskii early variety. It was made a conclusion, that application of light-emitting diode irradiators in controllable conditions of phytotron may be useful technique during potato growing subject to changes of spectrum composition in plant ontogenesis.Keywords: potato, photosynthesis, growth, light diodes.In natural conditions of plant vegetation, daylight provides illumination of quite variable intensity and spectral composition. Controlled environment with adjustable lightning allows setting the parameters required by a plan of experiment and provide an optimum light program for improved efficiency of plant growth.Photoculture commonly uses different types of electric lamps (1). For plants it is essential that light must include all visible spectral regions with prevailing red, green, blue, and violet rays, as well as a small proportion of ultraviolet and infrared light. Currently, the most widely used lamps are high-pressure gas-discharge lamps -metal-halide lamps (MHL, maximum emission at 450 nm) and high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS, maximum emission at 590 nm) of 400 and 600 W (1, 2). However, using gas-discharge lamps in plant growing is associated with significant energy expenditure and insufficient spectral properties of light emitters. A possible solution of this problem is low-energy light-emitting diodes (LEDs).LEDs can be used as supplement light sources, though they are expected to completely replace traditional lamps in photoculture (3, 4), especially in enclosed cultivation systems. Today the authors are developing new approaches to production of improved planting material of potato in aeroponics with LED illumination (5, 6).Main effects of broadband red and blue light on photosynthetic apparatus and metabolic processes of plants were discovered in 1960-1980ies (7, 8), but many issues are still unclear -particularly, the effect of narrowband red and blue light on basic parameters of photosynthesis and productivity. The available scientific literature describes the effects of LED light on primary stages of photosynthesis (4) and growth processes (9).The purpose of this work was studying growth and development of potato plants improved against phytopathogens during vegetation under LED illumination, as well as the study of the activity of photosynthetic apparatus and individual elements of carboxylation cycle.Technique. Experiments were performed on plants grown in factor-static conditions at 18-20 C and 16 hour photoperiod. Improved minitubers of potato cv Nevsky were planted in a 5-liter vegetation containers filled with soil substrate and placed under different light sources: HPS-600 W ("Phillips", the Netherlands) and LEDs (developed in the All-Russia Research and Development Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology in collaborat...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.