Today, the microbiota is recognized as a new "extracorporeal organ" that is involved in the maintenance of our body’s homeostasis. While the useful role of some microorganisms has already been determined, the role of most of them is not yet clear. Researchers believe that between 81% and 99% of all microorganisms in healthy adults have been identified. Little is known yet about the ways the members of a microbial consortium interact with each other and with the human body. The species composition of the microbiota in newborns and children remains an open question. In fact, the clinical significance of normal flora is not fully understood. Many reports have been published on the direct role of the microbiota as a trigger mechanism of various diseases (atherosclerosis, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atopic diseases, depression, autism, autoimmune diseases, etc.) and carcinogenesis, which is multifaceted and insufficiently studied. The understanding of bacterial communication mechanisms can be used in the development of novel drugs and new strategic approaches to treatment. Key words: intestinal microbiota and diseases, microbiota, gut microbiome
Crohn's disease (CD), along with ulcerative colitis, is one of the predominant nosological forms of inflammatory bowel diseases. In CD, any part of the gastrointestinal tract can be affected; however, the process is commonly associated with terminal ileum or colon involvement. CD cases with isolated or mixed involvement of upper gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach, and duodenum) are rare and least studied types of the disease. In isolated stomach involvement, the complaints are non-specific and include epigastric pain, gastric dyspepsia, early satiety, decreased appetite, and nausea. Isolated CD of upper gastrointestinal tract can be diagnosed after comprehensive work-up and always requires a high diagnostic level, including clinical, endoscopic and morphological one. We present a clinical case of CD with isolated stomach involvement in a 62-year-old woman. The diagnosis was confirmed by the histopathological findings of an epithelioid cell granuloma in the gastric antrum. Treatment with systemic corticosteroids reduced the disease clinical activity and improved the histological characteristics of the gastric biopsy sampled obtained by endoscopy. In this clinical case, there were specific macroscopic gastric lesions found at endoscopy in CD patients with upper gastrointestinal tract involvement, which is characterized by thickened longitudinal folding and linear grooves. This type of lesion has been described in the literature as “bamboo joint-like appearance”.Conclusion: Comprehensive assessment of clinical manifestations, endoscopic and histopathological specific features is crucial for the timely diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
To date, the study of the relationship between the intestinal microbiome and COVID-19 infection remains a topical issue. As is known, the gastrointestinal tract is the entrance gate for SARS-CoV2 infection, and the prevalence of gastrointestinal manifestations reaches 17,6%. The conducted studies testify in favor of changes in the composition of the intestinal microflora in patients with COVID-19 compared with patients without a respiratory infection, their influence on the course and prognosis of the disease is being studied.
Gluten-sensitive enteropathy (celiac disease) is currently a relevant genetically determined disease with an autoimmune mechanism that significantly reduces the patients’ quality of life. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in studying the association between celiac disease and impaired reproductive function in women, but the available data are contradictory. Further studies on the prevalence and mechanisms of pathogenesis of the disease, diagnostic options, and preventive measures for celiac disease in women with reproductive disorders are necessary. Key words: gluten-sensitive enteropathy, celiac disease, amenorrhea, infertility, miscarriage
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.