Variations in the solar and geomagnetic activity from cycle 19 to cycle 24 were considered based on data from the magnetic observatories of the Russian-Ukrainian INTERMAGNET segment and interna tional centers of data on solar-terrestrial physics. It has been indicated that activity decreases over the course of time. This is especially evident during the cycle 24 growth phase. The possible causes and consequences of a decrease in geomagnetic activity were analyzed.
On magnetic observatory "Odessa" since 1948 measurements of a magnetic field of Earth. At the same time measurements of three elements of a magnetic field are registered: horizontal component (H), vertical component (Z) and inducement (D). On the basis of these data the catalog of magnetic storms in the 21st century is made. In this release of the catalog during 2000-2009 date and time of the beginning and end of a storm, the storm duration, amplitude on three elements of a magnetic field are specified: H, Z, D, the characteristic of magnetic storms with the indication of the fissile periods. The magnetic station "Odessa" is located near a zone of a magnetic anomaly. For identification of reaction in the nature of the geomagnetic activity arising owing to existence of a magnetic anomaly comparison of geomagnetic disturbances at Odessa and Moscow was carried out.
Abstract. Eect of the equatorward shift of the eastward and westward electrojets during magnetic storms main phase is analyzed based on the meridional chains of magnetic observatories EISCAT and IMAGE and several Russian observatories (geomagnetic longitude $ 110 , corrected geomagnetic latitudes 74 b U b 51 .) Magnetic storms of various hst index intensity where the main phase falls on 1000 UT ± 2400 UT interval were selected so that one of the observatory chains was located in the afternoon ± near midnight sector of MLT. The eastward electrojet center shifts equatorward with hst intensity increase: when hst $ À50 nT the electrojet center is located at U $ 62 , when hst $ À300 nT it is placed at U $ 54. The westward electrojet center during magnetic storms main phase for intervals between substorms shifts equatorward with hst increase: at U $ 62 when hst $ À100 nT and at U $ 55 when hst $ À300 nT. During substorms within the magnetic storms intervals the westward electrojet widens poleward covering latitudes U $ 64 À 65 . DMSP (F08, F10 and F11) satellite observations of auroral energy plasma precipitations at upper atmosphere altitudes were used to determine precipitation region structure and location of boundaries of various plasma domains during magnetic storms on May 10±11, 1992, February 5±7 and February 21±22, 1994. Interrelationships between center location, poleward and equatorward boundaries of electrojets and characteristic plasma regions are discussed. The electrojet center, poleward and equatorward boundaries along the magnetic observatories meridional chain were mapped to the magnetosphere using the geomagnetic ®eld paraboloid model. The location of auroral energy oxygen ion regions in the night and evening magnetosphere is determined. Considerations are presented on the mechanism causing the appearance in the inner magnetosphere during active intervals of magnetic storms of ions with energy of tens KeV. In the framework of the magnetospheric magnetic ®eld paraboloid model the in¯uence of the ring current and magnetospheric tail plasma sheet currents on largescale magnetosphere structure is considered.
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