In designing and constructing arch dams, special attention is focused on problems assoclated with their monolithic character. The temperature requirements for the concreting of blocks are determined in the plans so that the negative effect of temperature deformations (stresses) can be reduced and the appearance of temperature cracks eliminated. Temperature deformations can be reduced by using cements with a moderate heat liberation, by lowering the temperature of the concrete mix, or by lowering the peak temperature of the exothermal heatins by reducing the height of the blocks or by employing artificial cooling during placement of the concrete. In this case, it is preferable to achieve a more vigorous reduction in concrete temperature in the first 2-3 days so as to utilize the creep of the concrete more fully at an early age.The temperature-stress state of the concrete blocks depends, in the general case, on many factors: the temperature regime, the physicomechanical characteristics of the concrete, the dimensions of the block, the ratio of the elastic moduli of the block concrete and foundation bed, etc.Studies [i, 2] are devoted to determination of the temperature-stress state of concrete blocks by computational means under various conditions at the periphery. All factors affecting the magnitude and distribution of temperature deformations cannot, however, be practically accounted for in the calculations. Of interest, therefore, are data derived from field measurements of the temperatures and deformations of concrete during dam construction.
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