ABSTRACT. Occlusion of the internal carotid artery by insertion of intravascular platinum microcoils for guttural pouch mycosis was experimentally evaluated in 9 healthy adult Thoroughbred horses. The internal carotid artery was ligated to its origin, and an arteriotomy was made distal to the ligature, which was then occluded by insertion of the microcoil approximately 13 cm distal to its origin. Cessation of blood flow was determined visually and by angiography at the arteriotomy site. Six horses were evaluated for complication clinically and by endoscopy after surgery. One horse was necropsied after 30 days of surgery for histological evaluation of artery thrombus formation. In the other 3 horses, the blood flow of the right internal carotid artery was monitored, before and after microcoil occlusion of the left internal carotid artery. One or 2 microcoils stopped blood flow within a few minutes. No other abnormal findings were observed clinically. Thrombus was observed in the occluded segment of 1 horse 30 days after insertion; but no abnormalities were detected. The blood flow in the right internal carotid artery increased by approximately 28-58% after occlusion of the left internal carotid artery. This microcoil vascular occlusion technique causes an effective thrombosis, and based on experimental studies and clinical application in 2 horses with epistaxis due to guttural pouch mycosis, this technique would appear to be safe and efficacious.-KEY WORDS: equine, guttural pouch mycosis, internal carotid artery, platinum microcoil, vascular occlusion.
Plate fixation was conducted in a 3 year old male Thoroughbred racehorse (480 kg) for a spiral undisplaced fracture of the tibia. The fracture line spirally occupied approximately twothirds of the bone. The horse was anesthetized with sevoflurane and oxygen and placed in dorsal recumbency. Two dynamic compression plates (DCP) were applied on the craniolateral and cranio-medial sides. Histopathological examination revealed active callus formation and remodeling on the fracture line 180 days after the surgery. Based on these findings, it was concluded that good synostosis was achieved. Therefore, it was suggested that DCP fixation based on the present technique can be applied to adult horses with undisplaced or minimally displaced fractured tibia to prevent their developing a completely displaced fracture.
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