We have studied soils and the plant cover of tombolos, which are isthmuses between the mainland and small islands on the coasts of the White and Baltic seas. Tombolos are characterized by complicated dynamics of sedimentation, which results in a strong heterogeneity of soils and associated plant cover. Typical gley and surface-gley marsh soils are formed on the Kolezhma plot on the White Sea coast. The vegetation corresponds to marsh meadows of the lower and middle levels and depends on salinity, acidity, and soil texture. Soils on the Gakkovo plot on the Baltic Sea coast are characterized by greater uniformity and, in general, a sandy texture. As compared to the White Sea, the effect of the Baltic Sea on the soil and plant cover is significantly smaller due to its slighter tidal dynamics.
We studied the soils and vegetation cover of tombolo – bridges between the mainland and small islands on the coasts of the White and Baltic Seas. Tombolo are characterized by complex dynamics of sedimentation that determines a high level of heterogeneity of soils and associated vegetation cover. At the Kolezhma plot on the White Sea coast, ground- and surface-gley marsh soils are formed. Vegetation corresponds to marsh meadows of the lower and middle levels, and varies depending on salinity, acidity level and soil texture. At the Gakkovo plot on the Baltic Sea coast, soils are characterized by greater uniformity; in general, they have a sandy texture. Th e influence of the Baltic Sea on the soil and vegetation cover is significantly lower than that of the White Sea due to the weakly pronounced tidal dynamics of the Baltic Sea
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