The developed fortified products contain ingredients that are widely studied for a strictly defined set of macro-and micro-components that are deficient for the human body. However, the presence of additional unregulated elements in the enriching raw materials is not fully studied. In this context, the issue of a comprehensive study of not only the nutritional value, but also the element composition of raw materials that increase the nutritional density of the enriched product is relevant. The aim of the research was to study the safety and chemical composition of plant raw materials used to increase the nutrient density of food systems. Freeze-dried ground apples produced by PJSC Sibirsky gostinets (Pskov region, Moglino village) and Brazil nut kernels produced by Comservice LLC (Moscow region, Mytishchi) were used as research objects. It is established that the studied plant materials are safe for human health in terms of their elemental composition and microbiological indicators. The study of food density showed that ground apples did not correspond to the declared levels of protein and fat by 45,2 and 96,2%, respectively. However, Apple powder has a relatively high content of mineral elements Mo, Na, Si, Ga, B, sugar, starch, dietary fiber and organic acids, Brazil nut kernels-Mg, Se, Cu, P, CA, Mn, Zn, Fe, Co, Ni, Al, protein and lipids.
Despite the sufficient volume of wheat flour production, there are low-grade, falsified products on the consumer market, and flour with low baking properties is also found. In this regard, the purpose of the research was to assess the quality and nutritional value of first grade baking wheat flour from different manufacturers. Studied: organoleptic, physico-chemical, hygienic quality indicators, the content of dietary fiber, mineral elements and vitamins. It was determined that all flour samples in terms of organoleptic indicators met the regulated requirements of GOST 26574-2017, in terms of the amount of pesticides and mycotoxins - the norms of SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01 and TR TS 021/2011. Flour produced by IP A.A. Mikhailyuta (Omsk region, Kormilovsky district, Pobeditel village) met the requirements of the current standard for first-class products in terms of physical and chemical parameters, was safe in terms of the level of heavy metals within the framework of current regulatory documents, and had a complete macro- and micronutrient composition. Flour produced by JSC “Shadrinsk combine of bread products” (Kurgan region, Shadrinsk) turned out to be unsafe in terms of Pb content, the excess of which was more than 3 times, which is unacceptable. Flour produced by KFH V.V. Malyutov (Ivanovo region, Puchezhsky district, Poperekovo village) did not meet the requirements of GOST 26574-2017 in terms of such indicators as the quantity and quality of gluten, ash content, which may indicate its falsification.
The modern Russian market is represented by a wide range of exotic types of plant products imported from different countries. Currently, there are more frequent cases when in fruits and vegetables there is an increased content of nitrates and toxic elements. Exotic types of plant products sold on food markets are allowed for sale only after passing veterinary and sanitary control in the State laboratories of veterinary and sanitary examination. The aim of the research was the veterinary and phytosanitary control of citrus fruits sold on the commodity market of the Chelyabinsk region. As the objects of research used fresh tangerines, oranges and pomelo, sold in the «Central Market» of Troitsk, Chelyabinsk region. It was found that only the labeling of the studied mandarin samples was complete and in accordance with the regulated requirements of the State Standard 51074–2003, Technical Regulations of the Customs Union 022/2011 and 005/2011. The organoleptic and physical characteristics of the tested samples were in accordance with the rules of the Rules for Veterinary Sanitary Expertise of Plant Food Products in the Veterinary Sanitary Expertise Laboratories of the Markets and the applicable State Standards – 4428–82, 4427–82, 34307–2017. Fresh tangerines, oranges and pomelo were safe for the content of lead, cadmium and nitrates in accordance with the norms of the Sanitary Rules and Norms 2.3.2.1078–01 and Technical Regulation of the Customs Union 021/2011. However, the amounts of lead and cadmium were more detected in the pulp, and the amount of nitrates was the same in the pulp and in the peel of citrus fruits.
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