Employing polyhedral specimens, longitudinal and shear wave velocities were measured in various directions of propagation and polarization. Sound velocities showed orthorhombic elasticity in all of the rocks. With the assumption of orthorhombic elasticity the nine stiffness constants of all samples were determined by the sound velocities under atmospheric pressure and Kelvin‐Christoffel's equation. Twenty‐one stiffness constants of Oshima granite, determined without assuming any symmetry, also showed orthorhombic features. Directions of the symmetry axes agreed well with the orientation of the preexisting cracks. Akaike's Information Criterion showed that the orthorhombic model with nine nonzero elastic stiffnesses was better than the model having 21 nonzero elastic stiffnesses for Oshima granite. The polyhedrons of two granitic rocks were loaded under hydrostatic pressure. All components of the stiffness constants increased with pressure. Under pressure of more than 120 MPa, two granitic rocks were approximately isotropic. The results show that oriented microcracks are mainly responsible for the orthorhombic elasticity of the granitic rocks and also indicate that dry oriented cracks can not be a cause for the anisotropic elasticity of granites at depths of more than 6–8 km.

A multi-center controlled double-blind clinical study was carried out to evaluate the effects of nizofenone in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage who were treated within 2 weeks of the ictus. The test drug was administered as an addition to conventional therapy, which was maintained during the study. Of 208 patients studied, 102 were treated with nizofenone and 106 with placebo. Treatment with nizofenone was significantly more effective (p less than 0.05) than that with placebo based on functional recovery and other clinical findings. Although no significant difference was found in mortality rate between the nizofenone- and placebo-treated groups, a higher percentage of survivors in the former group exhibited a good outcome (p less than 0.05). The effects of nizofenone administration were found to be especially notable in patients with delayed ischemic symptoms, moderately severe preoperative deficits (Hunt and Hess Grade II or III), and diffuse high-density areas in pre- and postoperative computerized tomography scans. No significant side effects were observed.

The usefulness of the antihistaminic agent diphenhydramine hydrochloride was evaluated using a double-blind procedure at sleeping doses of 12.5, 25, and 50 mg in 144 psychiatric patients with insomnia. The general condition of the patients with insomnia was at least "slightly improved" in 62.5% (12.5-mg group), 60% (25-mg group), and 67.4% (50-mg group) after treatment with the test drug for 2 weeks. Side effects were observed in a total of 11 patients (7.6%) but were not severe. No symptoms suggestive of drug dependence were evident. Global improvement was not influenced by patient background factors except for the presence or absence of previous treatment for insomnia. The hypnotic effect of diphenhydramine hydrochloride was significantly greater in patients who had not been treated previously. A dose-dependent increase in the hypnotic effect was also seen in patients who had not received any previous treatment. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride thus appears to be effective in the treatment of insomnia, but the appropriate dosage will depend on previous medical treatment of insomnia.

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