This study deals with the production of natural fiber plastic composites (NFPCs) to reduce environmental pollution with agricultural and plastic waste. Where the NFPCs were prepared from waste/pure polyethylene (WPE) (pure polyethylene (50%)/recycled polyethylene (50%)) and modified sunflower waste via an eco-friendly and economic biological process. The sunflower fibers (SF) were treated via whole selective fungal isolate, namely, Rhizopus oryzae (acc no. OM912662) using two different incubation conditions; submerged (Sub), and solid-state fermentation (SSF) to enhance the fibers' compatibility with WPE. The treated and untreated fibers were added to WPE with various concentrations (10 and 20 wt%). The morphology and structure of fibers were characterised by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR). Furthermore, the mechanical properties, morphology, biodegradation and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) for the prepared NFPCs were investigated. The results showed that compatibility, mechanical properties and biodegradation of NFPCs were improved by the addition of sunflower fibers treated by SSF conditions.
The application of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies is becoming established in an increasing number of product development sectors. In this present work the advanced AM techniques was applied to blowing mold design and production. Its aim is to do a comprehensive analysis on what AM is doing for the recent and future perspectives in the field of mold's production. Furthermore, analyses were done on the possible use of Rapid Tooling (RT) techniques based on AM technologies. The aim of this work is to design and preparation blowing mold by polymer AM technique as Fused Deposition Modeling( FDM) for their use and validation in bottle production .
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