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For the first time sequential injection analysis (SIA) technique has been employed for titrimetry. A new SI titrimetric spectrophotometric method for the assay of vitamin C in drug formulations was explored. The method is based on the oxidation reaction of vitamin C with cerium(IV) in sulfuric acid media using a spectrophotometer as a detector with the wavelength monitored at 410 nm. A 2(3) factorial design chemometric approach was employed to study the interaction effect of the chemical and system variables, mainly cerium(IV), sulfuric acid concentrations and the flow rate. The results of the chemometric optimization revealed that the optimum operating conditions for the SI titrimetric analysis of vitamin C were 7.0 x 10(-3) M cerium(IV), 0.455 M sulfuric acid and 28.9 microL s-1 flow rate. A linear calibration plot for the determination of vitamin C was obtained in the concentration range between 30 to 200 ppm. The method was applied to the determination of vitamin C in pharmaceutical preparations and no excipient was found to pose any interference, thus rendering the method suitable for the determination of the drug in pharmaceutical preparations. The SIA method is found to be accurate when the results were statistically compared with the results obtained by the BP standard method. The SIA method is superior when compared to the conventional titration method, the BP standard method and previous methods with respect to precision and automation in solution handling.

Background The purpose of this study was to examine the mild and moderate side‐effects experienced by the healthcare workers (HCWs) in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia after receiving the booster dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech/BNT162b2 COVID‐19 vaccine. Methods We directed a descriptive cross-sectional study among adults living in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. A survey link was distributed through WhatsApp, SMS, or e-mail to HCWs. Participants’ general and demographic information were also collected, as well as information about any local and systemic side‐effects reported following vaccination. Results The results of this study showed that 81.84% (401/490) of the HCWs who contributed to this study reported the minimum COVID‐19 post‐vaccination side‐effect. Body pain (89%) and pain at the site of injection (88.73%) were the most frequent frequently reported side‐effects, followed by headache (28.68%), joint or bone pain (27.18%), muscle pain (26.43%), nausea or vomiting (21.2%), fever (18.95%), skin rashes (10.22%). History of chronic diseases had a 0.44‐fold increased risk of side-effects compared to no history of chronic diseases HCWs (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.224, 0.880), and significant association of occupation with side-effects was also 1.61-fold increased risk compared to nonmedical ((aOR) = 1.61; 95% CI = 1.037, 2.513). Conclusion According to this study, the Pfizer-BioNTech/BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine was safe when given to Saudi Arabian HCWs. All reported side‐effects were mild to moderate. The outcomes indicated that most participants had body pain and pain at the site of injection and fatigue is among the least reported side-effect post-booster dose. Healthcare was highly connected with more reporting of side‐effects.

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