Anemia is a global public health problem in both developing and developed countries, especially among pregnant women. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in Sana'a governorate, Yemen, and to identify the determinants contributing to it, and to assess knowledge regarding it. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional approach. It included 360 pregnant women attending the maternity clinics of maternity hospitals. A predesigned structured interviewing questionnaire was used to collect data from the pregnant women. Laboratory investigations were done. The prevalence of anemia was found to be 40.3%, and was higher among females aged 35 to less than 45 years, those with poor income and poor nutritional level. The risk of anemia increased with the gestational age, gravidity, decreased birth spacing, drinking tea and coffee after meals, decreased intake of proteins and low level of knowledge and income. The binary logistic regression model indicated a significant impact of the education and occupation on the level of knowledge of pregnant women. Anemia was found out to be a severe public health problem among pregnant women in Yemen. Identified risk factors should be considered for its prevention and control.

Outpatient therapeutic programme (OTP) is one of the approaches of community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM), which includes community engagement and mobilization for outpatient management of uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM) children 6–59 months with good appetite, by providing them by home-based treatment as Ready-to-use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) and routine medical treatment. Around 85-90% of children with SAM are successfully treated at home in OTP, by attending regular intervals until they recover. OTP is currently used to achieve rapid recovery from SAM, it provides services of SAM management closer to the community at primary health care centers, where uncomplicated SAM children receive different amount of RUTF as Plumpy'Nut sachets according to their body weight.

Outpatient therapeutic programme (OTP) is one of the approaches of community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM), which includes community engagement and mobilization for outpatient management of uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM) children 6–59 months with good appetite, by providing them by home-based treatment as Ready-to-use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) and routine medical treatment. Around 85-90% of children with SAM are successfully treated at home in OTP, by attending regular intervals until they recover. OTP is currently used to achieve rapid recovery from SAM, it provides services of SAM management closer to the community at primary health care centers, where uncomplicated SAM children receive different amount of RUTF as Plumpy'Nut sachets according to their body weight.

Childhood malnutrition remains a significant global public health concern, and despite numerous advances and improvements in child health care; acute malnutrition among children still one of the main public health challenges in the 21st century, particularly in developing countries and is associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Children are the most vulnerable group to the effects of acute malnutrition during the period of their most rapid physical growth and development, because of the extra nutritional requirements for growth and development at this time. Acute malnutrition results from the complex interplay of a range of distal and proximal factors. This review article gives a comprehensive background on the causes of acute malnutrition among children under five years of age.