The graduate unemployment rate is one of the current issues being discussed by higher education scholars. College students spend their time and money in order to receive educational advantages unavailable to high school graduates. So if they face unemployment, they are more vulnerable to unfavorable economic conditions because they have already spent their resources pursuing higher education. This paper examines the reasons why college graduates are facing unemployment in the competitive market. There are several factors that explain their unemployment status, and this paper identifies each component at an individual level. With specific analysis of the unemployment phenomena, this paper provides direction for further research.

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Objectives This study looks at the university information disclosure system between Korea and the United States, and secure the possibility of using individual variants from the viewpoint of Institutional Research(IR). Methods As a representative university information disclosure system for this purpose, This study uses Korean University Alert and the US Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System(IPEDS) and examines individual university variables. It examines the disclosed pre-classification criteria and visualizes data centered on key performance indicators on the websites. Results University Alert has students, faculty/research, educational conditions, university management, industry-university cooperation, and budgeting/closing as standards. IPEDS has Institutional Characteristics and Student Charges, Admissions and Test Scores, Fall enrollment, Completions, Outcome Measures, Student Financial Aid, Human Resource, and Academic Library as standards. detailed university variables are provided. In addition, while university alert has the cahracteristics of government-centered perspectives on data collection, provision, and print, However, IPEDs has more student-towarded approach such as educational cost, backgrounds, and retention information. Based on this, the results of Korea-US comparative analysis of key university information presented in 13 major fields in 4 areas, including students, faculty/research, finance, and educational conditions, were presented. Conclusions TThe results of the study show that efforts for integrated data collection and visualization are necessary for analyzing the effectiveness of university education. This can be used as a reference not only for related researchers but also for future students and parents who are consumers of the university. It implies that those website will be used as a major resource for data-based decision-making by policy makers.

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This paper discusses the role of Marxism to understand the current higher education system in terms of the theoretical lens. Marxism has been the academic foundation to explain various regimes of communism in some areas of the world, and it still has an impact on the theoretical background to describe specific characteristics of industrial development over time. While prior studies have examined Marxism in terms of specific academic areas, such as economics and business but, there are rare studies that combine the current development of the current higher education system. This study provides the importance of Marxism to the higher education system and how the theoretical approach justifies diverse characteristics of current higher education development. Finally, this research shows the aspects of the revised Marxism framework that could explain the current higher education system and give implications for higher education researchers to reorganize the current educational system.