ObjectivesCurrent treatments for osteoporosis were prevention of progression, yet it has been questionable in the stimulation of bone growth. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treatment for osteoporosis aims to induce differentiation of bone progenitor cells into bone-forming osteoblasts. We investigate whether human umbilical cord blood (hUCB)-MSCs transplantation may induce bone regeneration for osteoporotic rat model induced by ovariectomy.MethodsThe ovariectomized (OVX) group (n = 10) and OVX-MSCs group (n = 10) underwent bilateral ovariectomy to induce osteoporosis, while the Sham group (n = 10) underwent sham operation at aged 12 weeks. After a femoral defect was made at 9 months, Sham group and OVX group were injected with Hartmann solution, while the OVX-MSCs group was injected with Hartmann solution containing 1 × 107 hUCB-MSCs. The volume of regenerated bone was evaluated using micro-computed tomography at 4 and 8 weeks postoperation.ResultsAt 4- and 8-week postoperation, the OVX group (5.0% ± 1.5%; 6.1% ± 0.7%) had a significantly lower regenerated bone volume than the Sham group (8.6% ± 1.3%; 12.0% ± 1.8%, P < 0.01), respectively. However, there was no significant difference between the OVX-MSCs and Sham groups. The OVX-MSCs group resulted in about 53% and 65% significantly higher new bone formation than the OVX group (7.7% ± 1.9%; 10.0% ± 2.9%, P < 0.05).ConclusionshUCB-MSCs in bone defects may enhance bone regeneration in osteoporotic rat model similar to nonosteoporotic bone regeneration. hUCB-MSCs may be a promising alternative stem cell therapy for osteoporosis.
Background5-HT3 receptor antagonist, dexamethasone and droperidol were used for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Recently, neurokinin-1 (NK1) antagonist has been used for PONV. We evaluated the effect of oral aprepitant premedication in addition to ondansetron.MethodsA total 90 patients scheduled for elective rhinolaryngological surgery were allocated to three groups (Control, Ap80, Ap125), each of 30 at random. Ondansetron 4 mg was injected intravenously to all patients just before the end of surgery. On the morning of surgery, 80 mg and 125 mg aprepitant were additionally administered into the Ap80 group and Ap125 group, respectively. The rhodes index of nausea, vomiting and retching (RINVR) was checked at 6 hr and 24 hr after surgery.ResultsTwelve patients who used steroids unexpectedly were excluded. Finally 78 patients (control : Ap80 : Ap125 = 24 : 28 : 26) were enrolled. Overall PONV occurrence rate of Ap125 group (1/26, 3.9%) was lower (P = 0.015) than the control group (7/24, 29.2%) at 6 hr after surgery. The nausea distress score of Ap125 group (0.04 ± 0.20) was lower (P = 0.032) than the control group (0.67 ± 1.24) at 6 hr after surgery. No evident side effect of aprepitant was observed.ConclusionsOral aprepitant 125 mg can be used as combination therapy for the prevention of PONV.
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