ABSTRACT Microalgaebiomass containschemicalcomponentssuch as vitamin, proteins, ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid and pigments. components with antioxidant activities can be found in only a few species of algae. The potential species of microalgae who have compounds act as antioxidant are Porphyridium cruentum and Chlorella sp. This study aimed to know the growth and antioxidant activity of P. cruentum and Chlorella sp. with the treatment of different cultures. Experimental method and completely randomized design was used as the research method. Antioxidant activity (Ic50 value) was measured by DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-1-pikrilhidrazil). SPSS 16.0 is used to analyze the data with General Linier Model (GLM) Univariate. The results of GLM Univariate test for cell density showed that there was significant different for cell density in species factors (p= 0,000), but there was no significant different for cell density in culture factors (p= 0,375), and GLM Univariate test for antioxidant activity showed that no significant different for antioxidant activity in species factors (p= 0,522) but siginificant different for antioxidant activity in culture factors (p= 0,001). There was significant different for growth in P. cruentum and Chlorella sp. but no significant different in indoor and outdoor culture, as well as there was no significant different antioxidant activity in two species but significant different in indoor and outdoor culture. Keywords: growth, antioxidant activity, indoor cultivation, outdoor cultivation.
Microalgae has high content of vegetable oil. The extraction of microalgae oil can be more efficient with the cell wall destruction, it was aimed to freeing oil that locked inside the cells and be soluble in organic solvent (n-hexane). The study aimed to determined the microalgae growth, the influence of different pH and different species of microalgae with extraction using microwave on oil production by Botryococcus braunii and Nannochloropsis sp. Experimental method with the randomized design was used in this study. The cultivation was performed until the stationery phase is reached so that the biomass can be harvested for oil extraction. The oil compound analysis is conducted using GC-FID. The data in this study has been tested by SPSS 16.0 with t-test and anova two ways. The statistic result showed that there is no differences in cell density of Botryococcus braunii and Nannochloropsis sp. (p= 0,163), likewise with there is no differences in amount of oil extract by Botryococcus braunii and Nannochloropsis sp. (p= 0,323). However, different results are pH treatment influencing oil extraction result (p= 0,006).Composition of fatty acid in Nannochloropsis sp. was dominated by saturated fatty acids, while the fatty acid composition of Botryococcus braunii was equal between saturated an unsaturated fatty acid. Keywords: Botryococcus braunii, cultivation, extraction, growth, microalgae, Nannochloropsis sp., oil, pH.
The one of problems which happened in learning activity is the lowness of student’s learning interest. Teacher has to do every ways to increase student learning interest. One alternative is to study the implementation of Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) models. Operational objectives of this study was to measure the learning outcomes of biology and the application of learning models to analyze the influence of the material TAIpteridophyta to biology students learning interest. The research was conducted in SMAN 39 Jakarta in May 2012. The research method used is a quasi-experiment type of Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design with a sampling technique that is purposive sampling. Based on calculations derived normally distributed data and homogeneous.Hypothesis test calculation results obtained tcount 2.97> 1.66 at α = t table 0.05, reject Ho.It can be concluded that there is influence the implementation of Team Assisted Individualization model of interest in studying biology at 39 Jakarta the high school students pteridophyta material.
Antagonism is the interaction that occurs when a microorganism interfere with the growth of other microorganisms. One of the microorganisms that have antagonistic ability is yeast. The research aims to determine the ability of antagonism yeast derived from the leaves of teak (Tectona grandis) as an agent for controling mold from poultry feed is Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., and Penicillium sp. Tests carried out using the method of antagonism co-culture in medium Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) during the four days of incubation temperature of 27-28°C. The results showed that yeasts have antagonism activity against Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., and Penicillium sp. shown by mycelial growth inhibition and sporulation. PENDAHULUANPakan adalah campuran dari berbagai macam bahan organik maupun anorganik untuk ternak yang berfungsi sebagai pemenuhan kebutuhan zat-zat makanan dalam proses pertumbuhan (Suprijatna et al, 2005). Permasalahan yang ditemukan dalam produk pakan ternak adalah adanya pertumbuhan mikroorganisme. Pertumbuhan mikroorganisme dalam pakan ternak dapat mengakibatkan perubahan fisik atau kimia yang tidak diinginkan, sehingga bahan pangan tersebut tidak layak dikonsumsi. Salah satu mikroorganisme pengkontaminan pada pakan ternak ayam adalah kapang. Kapang pengkontaminan pada pakan ternak ayam berasal dari genus Fusarium, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Thrichoderma, Cladosporium, Monilia (Angulo, 2004).Kapang pengkontaminan pakan ternak dapat menghasilkan senyawa mikotoksin. Pencegahan pertumbuhan kapang pengkontaminan pada pakan ternak dilakukan dengan mencampurkan antibiotik sintetik (Angulo et al., 2004 ). Pemakaian antibiotik sintetik secara berlebihan dapat membunuh bakteri penting yang ada dalam saluran pencernaan hewan ternak, sehingga pencernaan hewan ternak akan terganggu.Upaya untuk menghambat pertumbuhan kapang pengkontaminan pada pakan ternak secara alami perlu dilakukan. Bahan alami yang dapat digunakan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan kapang adalah khamir. Khamir memiliki kemampuan antagonisme yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan beberapa mikroorganisme termasuk kapang patogen (Golubev, 2006). Mekanisme penghambatan khamir antagonis terhadap kapang patogen dapat terjadi melalui: kompetisi ruang dan nutrien, antibiosis, parasitisme, dan predasi (Pimenta et al., 2007).
Refill Water Depot is currently more widely circulated and used as an alternative drinking water supply by the public. However the still unclear about the quality of the drinking water refill generated primarily of biological content. Parameters of biological contamination in drinking water caused by the Escherichia coli and coliform bacterium. This study aims to identify E. coli and coliforms in drinking water refill. Refill drinking water samples obtained from 16 drinking water refill from Jagakarsa subdsitrict. The method used is descriptive. Refill drinking water samples was taken and tested in the MPN (Most Probable Number)method and then to be tested in identification of E. coli. The results of testing the drinking water refill obtained 15 samples positive for coliform bacteria. Samples were positive for E. coli bacteria that sample B.1 and F.2.
Refill Water Depot is currently more widely circulated and used as an alternative drinking water supply by the public. However the still unclear about the quality of the drinking water refill generated primarily of biological content. Parameters of biological contamination in drinking water caused by the Escherichia coli and coliform bacterium. This study aims to identify E. coli and coliforms in drinking water refill. Refill drinking water samples obtained from 16 drinking water refill from Jagakarsa subdsitrict. The method used is descriptive. Refill drinking water samples was taken and tested in the MPN (Most Probable Number)method and then to be tested in identification of E. coli. The results of testing the drinking water refill obtained 15 samples positive for coliform bacteria. Samples were positive for E. coli bacteria that sample B.1 and F.2.
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