Laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the effect of charcoal addition on N 2 O emissions resulting from rewetting of air-dried soil. Rewetting the soil at 73% and 83% of the water-filled pore space (WFPS) caused a N 2 O emission peak 6 h after the rewetting, and the cumulative N 2 O emissions throughout the 120-h incubation period were 11 ± 1 and 13 ± 1 mg N m −2 , respectively. However, rewetting at 64% WFPS did not cause detectable N 2 O emissions (−0.016 ± 0.082 mg N m −2 ), suggesting a severe sensitivity to soil moisture. When the soils were rewetted at 73% and 78% WFPS, the addition of charcoal to soil at 10 wt% supressed the N 2 O emissions by 89% . In contrast, the addition of the ash from the charcoal did not suppress the N 2 O emissions from soil rewetted at 73% WFPS. The addition of charcoal also significantly stimulated the N 2 O emissions from soil rewetted at 83% WFPS compared with the soil without charcoal addition (P < 0.01). Moreover, the addition of KCl and K 2 SO 4 did not show a clear difference in the N 2 O emission pattern, although Cl − and , which were the major anions in the charcoal, had different effects on N 2 O-reducing activity. These results indicate that the suppression of N 2 O emissions by the addition of charcoal may not result in stimulation of the N 2 O-reducing activity in the soil because of changes in soil chemical properties.
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