Masalah kesehatan mental meningkat dengan sangat serius di era pandemi COVID-19. Pandemi juga berdampak pada peningkatan gangguan kesehatan mental secara signifikan pada mahasiswa keperawatan di berbagai negara dibandingkan masa sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran masalah kesehatan mental dan faktor-faktor yang menjelaskan masalah ini pada mahasiswa diploma keperawatan. Desain cross-sectional digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Selain data kuantitatif, data kualitatif juga dikumpulkan secara bersamaan. Analisis statistik dan analisis konten dilakukan untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian. Lebih dari 80% mahasiswa diploma keperawatan Universitas X berpartisipasi. Gejala gangguan kesehatan mental dirasakan oleh sebagian besar responden. Tahun tempuh pendidikan, kondisi kesehatan sosial, fisik, dan spiritual yang dirasakan berhubungan dengan masalah kesehatan mental mahasiswa keperawatan. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan tahun tempuh pendidikan dan kesehatan sosial perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus. Lebih jauh, hasil analisis konten mengungkap 14 stresor, di mana isu-isu sosial dan beban akademik menjadi yang paling sering muncul, di samping isu kesehatan fisik dan keterampilan halus mahasiswa. Diperlukan upaya promosi kesehatan mental yang memerhatikan seluruh dimensi kesehatan baik sosial, fisik, dan spiritual, dari awal masa pendidikan keperawatan, khususnya mengingat akibat yang ditimbulkan pandemi COVID-19.

ObjectiveTo provide knowledge about the domains of life affected by stigma towards leprosy in Indonesia, including its manifestations, driving factors and consequences.DesignQualitative systematic review.Study selectionPubMed, CINAHL, ProQuest, Taylor&Francis and Google Scholar were used to systematically search studies with qualitative component that were conducted in Indonesia and published from January 2000 to December 2020 in English or Indonesian language. The search was started in November 2020 and reran in April 2021. Quality assessment and thematic synthesis were applied.Data extractionOf the 3184 studies, 37 manuscripts were reviewed. Information relating to study characteristics, stigma domains and types following Weiss Extended Scambler’s Hidden Stress Model, stigma consequences and drivers were extracted.ResultsSeven themes were identified. Three themes—community, domestic and intimate relationships—impacted private domains. Four themes—health, economics, education and public entitlements—concerned public domains. Studies mainly discussed enacted stigma rather than anticipated and internalised stigma. Ten stigma-driving factors were found, ranging from negative and positive concepts linked with the condition to aspects not related to the disease process. Five areas of consequences were shown. Impact on public rights, such as education, was very minimally explored, although school absence was often mentioned. Stigma manifestation, drivers and consequences in most public domains were least explored.ConclusionLeprosy-affected persons in Indonesia experienced and felt stigma in private and public domains. Disease-related aspects, the culture and history of a particular region are linked with stigma manifestations. Approaches in one domain can affect another domain. More exploratory studies are needed in the endemic areas outside Java, especially considering both the lack of studies there and the unique culture of each Indonesian region.

ABSTRAK Peningkatan kasus diabetes melitus yang terjadi tahun demi tahun perlu menjadi perhatian. Hal ini terutama menjadi momok yang semakin mengkhawatirkan di wilayah perkotaan, berkaitan dengan rentannya perilaku hidup tidak sehat. Hasil pengkajian lewat model PRECEDE pada 13 dewasa muda di wilayah Jakarta, Tangerang, dan Bekasi menunjukkan sebagian besar memiliki pengetahuan mengenai diabetes melitus yang kurang, minat berolahraga rendah dan minat mengonsumsi makanan dan minuman tinggi gula yang cukup tinggi. Hal ini menimbulkan kekhawatiran terjadinya diabetes melitus di masa yang akan datang. Pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan faktor predisposisi perilaku berupa pengetahuan dan minat serta dua perilaku penting dalam pencegahan diabetes melitus yakni perilaku olahraga dan konsumsi makanan dan minuman tinggi gula pada sasaran. Metode yang digunakan terdiri dari penyuluhan perorangan, pelatihan, dan insentifisasi. Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pada faktor predisposisi perilaku maupun perilaku terbuka yang diharapkan, bahkan relatif bertahan sampai dengan satu minggu setelah kegiatan selesai dilakukan. Perubahan perilaku merupakan proses yang kompleks sehingga penggunaan beragam metode diperlukan, sebagaimana tim menemukan bahwa penyuluhan saja tidak cukup mempengaruhi minat menerapkan perilaku. Bertahan tidaknya adopsi perilaku merupakan tantangan selanjutnya. Tim menyarankan agar faktor intrinsik, serta faktor pemungkin dan pendorong perilaku juga dapat disentuh. Kata Kunci: Diabetes Melitus, Insentifisasi, Pelatihan, Penyuluhan Perorangan, Perilaku, Dewasa Muda  ABSTRACT The increase of diabetes mellitus cases each year needs to be a concern. This is especially worrying in urban areas, related to unhealthy lifestyle. Assessment through PRECEDE model showed most of 13 young adults in Jakarta, Tangerang, and Bekasi had lack of knowledge about diabetes mellitus, lack of interest to perform healthy lifestyle, rarely to have physical exercise, and had frequent consumption of foods and beverages high in sugar, which raised concerns about the occurrence of diabetes mellitus in the future. Community service was carried out to increase behavioral predisposing factors: knowledge and intention, and two important overt behaviors in diabetes mellitus prevention, physical exercise and consumption of foods and drinks high in sugar. The method used consists of person-to-person education, training, and incentive. The results showed an increase in behavioral predisposing factors and expected overt behavior, even up to one week after all activities were completed. Behavior change is a complex process thus the use of multiple methods is necessary, as the team found education alone was not sufficient to influence intention to adopt the behavior. The persistence of behavioral adoption is the next challenge. The team suggests that intrinsic factors, as well as enabling and driving factors of behavior could also be touched. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Incentive, Training, Person-To-Person Education, Behaviour, Young Adult

Background: Children are known to be the most vulnerable group in the world for rabies disease, however, little is known about their involvement in the post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), including wound cleaning, vaccination, and rabies immunoglobulin administration. This study aims to explore this knowledge gap, by providing factors and possible mechanisms that can explain children's involvement in the rabies post-exposure prophylaxis. This study was conducted in Bajawa district, Flores East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. At the time this study was conducted, Bajawa district was endemic for rabies disease.Methods & Materials: Story telling interviews with 23 children (7-15 years) who had a dog bite experience and in-depth interviews with 20 of dog bite victim's parents/caregivers have been conducted. Interviews were then analysed qualitatively using content analysis. Guided by COM-B model, Capabilities, Opportunities, and Motivations were explored.Results: The findings suggest, when a dog bite exposure occurs in children, not only parents/caregivers but also children can influence the involvement of a necessary rabies PEP. Mainly, parents/caregivers conduct the initial phase of wound cleaning, direct vaccination-seeking behaviour, to its completion. Children, in the other hand, could affect greatly the success of PEP in the level of willingness to inform the accident to their parents/caregivers, to conduct the wound cleaning, and to complete the vaccination treatment. Some important factors which can hinder the necessary involvement of children in the rabies PEP are the perception of parents/caregivers and children that scratches from dogs are not a risk, the insecurity among children to report dog bites to their parents, the lack of knowledge and capability on wound cleaning, minimum operating-hours of the treatment facility, and low vaccine availability. Conclusion:This study shows that public health practitioners in Bajawa district may need to involve both children and parents/caregivers in the control measure program of rabies, educate both of them to increase their knowledge and capacity about the proper treatment after dog exposure, and enlarge their opportunities to meet the treatment.