studied the following two conditions:Ž . * Every non-small left R-module contains a non-zero injective submodule.Ž . * * Every non-cosmall right R-module contains a non-zero projective direct summand. Ž . In this paper, we generalize left H-rings by removing q . Concretely, since a left H-ring R is also characterized by the statement that R is left artinian and for any 544
Ž
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