We previously reported that daily intraperitoneal injections of oleamide weakly inhibits the spontaneous metastasis of BL6 cells by blocking the gap junction-mediated intercellular communications (GJIC) of connexin 26 (Cx26). In the present study, we tested camellia oil, olive oil and cottonseed oil which are rich in oleamide-like oleic acid for their inhibitory potency on Cx26-mediated GJIC and spontaneous metastasis of BL6 cells. We found that camellia oil, olive oil and cottonseed oil, and their distillate fractions inhibited Cx26-mediated GJIC. We also showed that daily intraperitoneal injection of camellia oil and its distillate fractions more potently inhibited spontaneous lung metastasis of BL6 cells than oleamide. Moreover, a daily oral administration of camellia oil distillate fraction effectively inhibited spontaneous metastasis. Notably, even camellia Tempura-oil, a commercially available food, weakly inhibited the spontaneous metastasis of BL6 cells. Since these oils are used as foods and are quite safe, we propose that they could be used as supplements to protect patients from lung metastasis of melanomas.
Thermal and photo-optical properties of azoxybenzene/alkyloxy-azobenzene containing chiral dimesogens are presented. Alkyloxyazobenzene containing dimesogenic materials exhibited two kinds of smectic A phases. Photoirradiation at temperatures exhibiting smectic phases of pure materials in azobenzene linked dimesogens resulted in formation of the isotropic phase, and this was systematically studied at different liquid crystalline temperatures. The efficacy of these compounds as a dopant in the glassy liquid crystalline material was also explored. Increasing concentration to 4 wt%/5 wt% in azobenzene/azoxy-benzene derivatives caused a dramatic red-shift in the wavelength of reflected light by the host cholesteric glassy liquid crystal. Photo-isomerization of these dopants led to a blue-shift of the reflected light, and this effect could be used to tune the light reflectivity of these mixtures over the visible region.
A facile method for the efficient synthesis of 1-triacontanol, a naturally occurring plant growth stimulator, was established in which crossed Kolbe coupling of methyl hydrogen icosanoate with lauric acid in methanol containing potassium hydroxide is carried out in an undivided cell as the key step, followed by reduction of the obtained methyl triacontanoate with lithium aluminium hydride.
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