and then transferring them to recipient mice is challenging, and information other than the category will be lost, making detailed analysis difficult. Combining live-cell imaging and single embryo transfer could overcome this problem 13 , and we could directly link the relationship between the type/severity of the result of transplantation. Further, previous studies on the relationship between embryo ploidy and developmental potential used biopsy of blastocysts and subsequent chromosome analysis 14-16 ; in this study, ploidy of blastomeres of 2-cell embryos was investigated by single-cell genome sequencing after live-cell imaging of 1 st mitosis to link the imaging data of chromosome segregation and ploidy of embryo. Through live-cell imaging, single embryo transfer, and genome sequencing at single-cell resolution, we demonstrated that early chromosomal segregation error resulting in aneuploidy in mouse pre-implantation embryos is a developmental risk to the blastocyst, but some blastocysts retain their developmental potential. Methods Animals. This study conformed to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee at the Research Institute for Kindai University (permit number: KABT-31-016). ICR or B6D2F1 (BDF1) strain mice (12-16 weeks old) were obtained from Japan SLC, Inc. (Shizuoka, Japan). Room conditions were standardized, with the temperature maintained at 23 °C, relative humidity at 50%, and a 12-h/12-h light-dark cycle. Animals had free access to water and commercial food pellets. Mice used for experiments were sacrificed by cervical dislocation.
Our results indicate that because autoimmune abnormalities may be at least one cause of implantation failure following IVF-ET, the combined use of low-dose corticosteroid can be effective for autoantibody-positive women.
These findings suggest that the inhibitory effect of E2 on the migration of monocytes might be one of the factors involved in the decreased incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in premenopausal women and postmenopausal HRT.
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