Summary. Follicular

Summary. This study examines the effects of pig follicular fluid on the maturation of pig oocytes and on their subsequent fertilizing and developmental capacity in vitro. The addition of pig follicular fluid or its fractions obtained by ultrafiltration, gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography to maturation medium significantly increased the rates of nuclear maturation, normal fertilization and normal cleavage of pig oocytes after fertilization in vitro: the rates of normal fertilization and cleavage were 2\p=n-\4times higher than those in the control medium. The efficacy of pig follicular fluid was lost after heating at 56\s=deg\Cfor 30 min, whereas no significant decrease in activity was observed after defatting. In addition, the effective component(s) was partially purified by ultrafiltration, gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography: the activity was observed in the fraction (UF2; Mr 10 000\p=n-\20000) obtained by ultrafiltration. Activity was found in the first fraction (G1) obtained by gel filtration of UF2. Among three fractions obtained by ion-exchange chromatography of Gl, only the third fraction had the activity. The results indicate that pig follicular fluid contains an acidic substance(s) (Mr 10 000\p=n-\200 000) that promotes oocyte maturation.

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We intended to clarify the mechanism of virus removal in aqueous protein solution and human plasma solution through conventional and high performance regenerated cellulose hollow fiber (i.e., BMM and i-BMM). We employed Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) as a typical virus. Two kinds of disperse gold particles (GP) with different size were represented as model particles of a virus and protein particles. We investigated the filtration characteristics concerning removability of GP and JEV (

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