Surgical prognosis in patients with renal cell carcinoma extending into the vena cava was determined by the staging of the tumor, especially lymph node status, and not by the level of tumor thrombus or the presence of concurrent lung metastasis. The use of cardiopulmonary bypass graft is recommended for the resection of tumor thrombus extending over the diaphragm.
Predictors of 2-year mortality after EVT or BSX in CLI patients included age >75 years, nonambulatory status, regular dialysis, and ejection fraction <50%. The BEACH score derived from these predictors allows risk stratification of CLI patients undergoing revascularization.
Congenital interruption of the inferior vena cava is an uncommon vascular anomaly. In this setting, the appearance of deep vein thrombosis is very rare because associated azygous or portal continuation develops as a collateral system for venous return. The authors present a case of infrahepatic interruption of the inferior vena cava in a 21-year-old man who presented with symptoms of deep vein thrombosis. Clinical features and prognosis of this entity are discussed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.