To study the current state of intracranial aneurysms in the neurosurgical clinics in Japan, simple questionnaires were sent to 112 institutions in December, 1969, and answers were obtained from 111. The following questions were asked: The total number of cases and aneurysms; the age and sex; the site and side; and the anesthesia and treatment used. These statistical studies have been compared with those of the cooperative study on subarachnoid hemorrhage in the United States.
KEY WORDS anesthesia intraeranial aneurysmJapan statistics treatment subarachnoid hemorrhage
is, we think, that the leptomeningial arterial anastomosis plays the major role and there is no need of developing any "Chin-chin vessels". From above mentioned findings, the "Chin-chin vessels" develop only when there is no effective collaterals to the area fo the mid. cereb. art. from the ant. and post. cereb. art. in which occlusion and stenosis affect the total course of the mid. cereb. and it's branches, and when these pathological process extend as for as the distal portion of the post. cereb. which angiographically looked patent but there exist stenosis or occlusion, as we had reported on an autopsied case in this congress, '66. And these "Chin-chin vessels" develop as collaterals to feed the area of the mid. cerebral art. Their original vessels would be the perforating arteries in the cerebral basal region which now dilated extremely to appear as "Chin-chin vessels" ,
We have established Japan LCD promotion association (JLCDPA) and developed LCD through various activities. 11 They include workshops, seminars, books, medical societies and related opportunities. 12 In order to inform the practical method of LCD, three types have been introduced. 13 They are super-LCD, standard-LCD and petite-LCD, including carbohydrate amount ratio as 12%, 26% and 40%, respectively. 14 Among our clinical practice for patients with DM and various complications and pathologies, we have experienced an impressive patient. The case is 71-year-old diabetic men who has been in good control situation associated with some characteristic points. The outline of the case and related discussion would be described in this article.
For vascular reconstruction in cases of atherosclerotic stenosis at the origin of the vertebral artery, we use vertebral to subclavian artery transposition. We discuss the advantages and effectiveness of such treatment based on a study of 32 cases. We have experienced neither surgical mortality nor morbidity and the outcome at the time of discharge has been favourable. Follow-up revealed no deaths, however, three cases exhibited symptoms of cerebral ischaemia. One had a supratentorial completed stroke, and the other two hat TIA or RIND, but without any notable lesion in the angiograms. There were no cases of cerebral infarction of the posterior fossa. We believe that this method should be the first choice for treatment of cases without lesions of the subclavian artery for the following reasons: serious operative complications have not been encountered, surgical invasion is minimal, temporary occlusion of the common carotid artery is unnecessary, the operation can be done by occluding only the vertebral artery, and unlike various bypass operations, anastomosis is required at only one location and is consequently technically uncomplicated. Following anastomosis the cerebral blood pathway is physiological.
INTRODUCTION: Brain radiation necrosis (RN) is irreversible severe adverse effect after radiation therapy for brain tumors over 60 Gy. Effective treatment for this irreversible event has not been established. The lying mechanism of RN is to be elucidated in order to establish a new therapy. We have established brain RN mouse model using proton beam at the Wakasa Wan Energy research Center. In this model, RN was induced 8 months after irradiation and the histology of the necrosis recapitulated the human RN patients [Kondo N.2015]. So far, some researchers investigated the mechanism of RN based on protein level. However, with the advanced mass spectrometry technology, lipid mediator response to ionizing radiation was reported [Laiakis EC, 2014]. Therefore, in this study, lipid alteration after proton beam irradiation was investigated in mouse brain RN model using high-resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizing imaging mass spectrometry (HR-MALDI-IMS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Generation of mouse brain RN model: C57BL/6J mice were irradiated in the restricted area of right brain at 60 Gy using proton beam. Tissue preparation: After 4 months later mouse was sacrificed by transcardial perfusion with cold PBS. The brain was extracted and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and kept in-80°C. The brain was sliced to a thickness of 4 μm with a cryostat and placed onto an indium tin oxide coated glass slide and stored at-20 °C until matrix application and subsequent HR-MALDI-IMS analysis. Each slide was anchored in vacuum deposition equipment and coated with 9-aminoacridine hemihydrates (9-AA) matrix layer obtained by sublimation at 220°C. The sequential sections were mounted onto glass slides for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. HR-MALDI-IMS analysis: HR-MALDI-IMS analysis was performed on a high-resolution microscopic imaging mass spectrometer (iMScope; Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). Mass spectrometry data were acquired in negative and positive mode in the mass range of m/z 700-1000. Statistical Analysis: Hierarchical Cluster Analysis was performed by Imaging MS Solution (ver 1, 12, 26; Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). RESULTS: Compared to non-irradiated area, in the irradiated right hemisphere, i) elevation of phosphatidylcholine (
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