Sewu Temple is the second largest Buddhist temple after Borobudur Temple, located in Klaten Regency, Central Java. As an architectural masterpiece built in the 8th century and older than Borobudur and Prambanan Temples, Sewu Temple has an important role in the development of archipelago's architecture. The background of the temple building can be known through the ornaments that decorate parts of the temple. Ornaments contain certain meanings with Hindu-Buddhist principles, not only as visual ornament elements, so the role of ornaments is important. Ornaments are an artistic component that is added to decoration in crafts, including architecture. Ornamentation cannot be separated from the socio-cultural background of the community and the area of origin of the ornament, because ornamentation is a means of communication to reduce culture from the previous generation to the next generation. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the evolution or development of the forms and meanings of architectural ornaments in the archipelago with a time series of architectural developments in the Hindu-Buddhist era and traditional architecture, especially Java, following the location of the temple. The purpose of this study is to examine the evolution of forms, patterns, and meanings of Hindu-Buddhist architectural ornaments found in Sewu Temple in their development towards traditional Javanese architecture. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. This research found that there is a relationship between Javanese architectural ornaments and architectural ornaments found in Sewu Temple in terms of motifs, placement patterns and the meaning of ornaments.
The tourism potential of Klayar Beach in Pacitan Regency is increasing along with the development of tourism programs in Indonesia which include the development of coastal areas as natural tourism destinations. The development of the coastal area for the development of the potential of local tourism based on nature requires a handling strategy that takes into account a number of considerations that are in harmony with the environment so that disaster-prone constraints can be minimized, including covering aspects of nature conservation. The strategy for developing Klayar Beach can be done through the application of the principles of Ecological Architecture. The research location in the Klayar Beach area is one of the 9 (nine) priority tourism destinations in the Regency of Pacitan. This study aims to find a regional structuring strategy with the application of the principles of ecological architecture, namely optimizing the value of regional potential and still considering the sustainability of nature. The research uses a descriptive qualitative method by conducting surveys through observation, interviews and comparing theories with relevant regulations. The results of the study are regional structuring strategies to develop the potential of Klayar Beach through structuring tourism areas in accordance with local elements and local culture as well as integrated nature conservation so that it becomes a sustainable tourism destination.
Dwelling is not only about a solid building, but also the activity system. Squatter Dwelling or kampong has varies identity and one can be described from their spaces usage colerated with their activity. It can be seen with substantial changes in the house users, their daily needs, economical reason, and their cultural environment. The research takes a case study in Kampung Kenteng, Kelurahan Semanggi, Kecamatan Pasar Kliwon, Surakarta. This research aims to signify flexibility values as design strategy by discover the use of compact housing as a multifunctional and adaptable space which can acomodate the needs of daily and economical living in limited space of Kampung with the creative use of flexibility. This paper present a comperhensive review of eleven points of flexibility which are permeability, versatility, legibility, expandibility, convertibility, adaptable, transformable, moveable, time cycle and time management, continuity and stability, and implemented over time. Furthermore, the theory will be implemented in the design of Vertical Kampung Kota Kenteng Semanggi to reveal how flexibility takes an important role in the arrangement of spaces usage in squatter housing with the possibility to expand and respond to changes.
The settlement in the Menara Kudus Mosque area is a catalyst for religious tourism activities that are adjacent to the residence of the local community. Menara Kudus Mosque with its own characteristics will have an impact on changes that occur both physically and non-physically. This study aims to further identify the formation of the spatial patterns of settlements in the Menara Kudus Mosque area caused by the exposure of religious tourism. The spatial patterns that occur can be seen through observations on the layout, circulation, facing direction, and hierarchy. In this study of the spatial pattern of the Menara Kudus Mosque settlement, the researcher used a messo (residential environment), micro (residential) scale coverage and the factors behind it. The research method for data analysis used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a case study strategy in the residential area of Menara Kudus Mosque. The results of this study indicate that the existing spatial pattern is the result of a response to the new activities of the surrounding community which utilize their residential space and their residential environment as a business space that supports religious tourism activities.
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