Triplophysa daryoae, new species, is described from the Sokh River, a former tributary of Syr Darya that today fails to reach the river, in the Sokh District, an exclave of Uzbekistan, surrounded by Kyrgyzstan. Triplophysa daryoae is distinguished from other species of Triplophysa in Central Asia by a truncate caudal fin with 13 or 14 branched rays, body without obvious mottling, dorsal-fin origin opposite to pelvic-fin insertion, and absence of the posterior chamber of the air bladder. Molecular data suggest that Triplophysa daryoae is closely related to T. ferganaensis from the Shakhimardan stream, a small tributary of Syr Darya in the Yordon village, another exclave of Uzbekistan in Kyrgyzstan. The two species were separated by a Kimura 2-parameter genetic distance of 2.8% in the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I barcode region; they are also distinguished morphologically. A key to the species of Triplophysa in the Syr Darya basin and adjacent regions is provided.
Length–weight relations (LWR) were estimated for 14 endemic and indigenous fish species from the Aral Sea basin: Alburnoides holciki Coad et Bogutskaya, 2012; Capoetobrama kuschakewitschi (Kessler, 1872); Cottus spinulosus Kessler, 1872; Glyptosternon oschanini (Herzenstein, 1889); Gobio lepidolaemus Kessler, 1872; Gobio nigrescens (Keyserling, 1861); Iskandaria kuschakewitschi (Herzenstein, 1890); Iskandaria pardalis (Turdakov, 1941); Paracobitis longicauda (Kessler, 1872); Sabanejewia aralensis (Kessler, 1877); Schizothorax fedtschenkoi Kessler, 1872; Triplophysa daryoae Sheraliev, Kayumova et Peng, 2022; Triplophysa ferganaensis Sheraliev et Peng, 2021; and Triplophysa uranoscopus (Kessler, 1872). Measurements were taken for total length (0.1 cm precision) and total weight (0.1 g precision). The LWR parameters were determined using a linear logarithmic regression model of weight against length in which values for the slope of the regression, b, that are higher and lower than 3 indicate positive and negative allometric growth, respectively. The estimated values of parameter b ranged from 2.703 (Iskandaria kuschakewitschi) to 3.162 (Gobio nigrescens). The correlation coefficient (r2) values varied from 0.951 to 0.993, indicating a strong positive relation between length and weight. The maximum total lengths of four of the species (Glyptosternon oschanini, Iskandaria kuschakewitschi, Triplophysa daryoae, and Triplophysa uranoscopus) constitute new records, and the LWRs of twelve fish species have hitherto not been available in FishBase.
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