In this study, the changes in mass, compressive strength, and length of blended mortars were analyzed to investigate their sulfate resistance according to the ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) blending ratio and type of sulfate solution applied. All alkali-activated mortars showed an excellent sulfate resistance when immersed in a sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) solution. However, when immersed in a magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) solution, different sulfate resistance results were obtained depending on the presence of GGBFS. The alkali-activated GGBFS blended mortars showed a tendency to increase in mass and length and decrease in compressive strength when immersed in a magnesium sulfate solution, whereas the alkali-activated FA mortars did not show any significant difference depending on the types of sulfate solution applied. The deterioration of alkali-activated GGBFS blended mortars in the immersion of a magnesium sulfate solution was confirmed through the decomposition of C–S–H, which is the reaction product from magnesium ions, and the formation of gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) and brucite (Mg(OH)2).
The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of concrete is considered to be an important design parameter to predict Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement performance in mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide (MEPDG). This study measured CTE values of concrete specimens having various coarse aggregates, and investigated the relationship between the CTE and critical design parameters. It was found that aggregate types, the amount of coarse aggregate, and relative humidity (RH) had a statistically significant impact on the CTE. Expansion CTE had a higher variation compared to contraction CTE, and the maximum value of expansion CTE at 63% RH was 8% higher than the value at 100% RH. Sensitivity analysis showed that inaccurate estimation of concrete CTE can cause serious error in predicting the performance of PCC pavements. A prediction equation of concrete CTE was introduced by modifying Hansen’s model and the predicted CTE value had a good agreement with the measured CTE.
In this study, the changes in mass, compressive strength and length were analyzed to investigate sulfate resistance according to ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) blending ratio and type of sulfate solution. All alkali activated mortars showed excellent sulfate resistance when immersed in sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) solution. However, when immersed in magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) solution, different sulfate resistance results were obtained depending on the presence of GGBFS. Alkali activated GGBFS blended mortars showed a tendency to increase mass, increase length and decrease compressive strength when immersed in magnesium sulfate solution, but the alkali activated FA mortars did not show any significant difference depending on the types of sulfate solution. The deterioration of alkali activated GGBFS blended mortars in the immersion of magnesium sulfate solution was confirmed by the decomposition of C-S-H which is the reaction product by magnesium ion and the formation of gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) and brucite (Mg(OH)2).
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