Buckwheat sprout is used as vegetable, and also flour for making noodles, and so on. Currently, information about tissue culture in buckwheat is limited and restricted to micro-propagation. We carried out somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration using hypocotyl segments as explant of the cultivated buckwheat species, Fagopyrum esculentum which differs from existing studies in the growth regulator combinations used. Maximum callus regeneration was induced on MS medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) 2.0 mg · L ). Only 2,4-D did not show any significant effect on callus induction or embryogenesis. Regeneration of embryonic callus varied from 5% to 20%. Whole plants were obtained at high frequencies when the embryogenic calli with somatic embryos and organized shoot primordia were transferred to MS media with 3% sucrose. The main objective of this research was to develop an efficient protocol for plant regeneration for common buckwheat, and to apply in future for genetic transformation.
BACKGROUND:For commercial production of greenhouse crops under shorter day length condition, supplementary radiation has been usually achieved by the artificial light source with higher electric consumption such as high-pressure sodium, metal halide, or incandescent lamps. Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) with several characteristics, however, have been considered as a novel light source for plant production. Effects of supplementary lighting provided by the artificial light sources on growth of Kale seedlings during shorter day length were discussed in this experiment. METHODS AND RESULTS: Kale seedlings were grown under greenhouse under the three wave lamps (3 W), sodium lamps (Na), and red LEDs (peak at 630 nm) during six months, and leaf growth was observed at intervals of about 30 days after light exposure for 6 hours per day at sunrise and sunset. Photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of supplementary red LEDs on the plant canopy was maintained at 0.1 (RL), 0.6 (RM), and 1.2 (RH) μmol/m
The paddy fields have a high moisture content and high groundwater level. When cultivating crops in paddy fields, there is a possibility of causing moisture damage at the roots and poor plant growth due to flooding and wet injury. This study was conducted to investigate the growth and yield of peanut and the changes in soil physico-chemical properties with the ridge height in paddy fields. In the 40 cm ridge height treatment, the decay rate of peanuts was lowest and the ratio of ripen pods, weight of 100 grains, and grain yield were highest. As the ridge height increased, the soil acidity and electrical conductivity increased and the bulk density and hardness of the soil decreased, and the liquid and gas phase increased. When growing crops in paddy fields, raising the ridge height resulted in the reduction of wet injury, and the improvement of soil physical properties led to the stable production of peanut. From these results, it was found that the adjustment of the ridge height 40 cm could improve the characteristics of peanut yields and soil physical properties in paddy field.
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