We noticed that the original version of this paper contains typographical errors in Figs. 2 and 3.In Fig. 2 (page 275), 'With knee extraction' must be changed into 'With knee extension' . In Fig. 3 (page 276), 'With knee extraction' must be changed into 'With knee extension' .
Although they are not as favorable as other influential
gas sensors,
metal-oxide semiconductor-based chemiresistors ensure minimal surface
reactivity, restricting their gas selectivity, gas response, and reaction
kinetics, particularly when functioning at room temperature (RT).
A hybrid design, which includes metal-oxide/carbon nanostructures
and passivation with specific gas filtration layers, can address the
concerns of surface reactivity. We present a novel hierarchical nanostructured
zinc oxide (ZnO), decorated with graphitic carbon (GC) and synthesized
via a wet-chemical strategy, which is then followed by the self-assembly
of a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8). Because of its large
surface area, high porosity, and efficient inspection of other analyte
(interfering) gases, the ZnO@GC can provide intensified surface reactivity
at RT. In the present study, such a hybrid sensor confirmed extraordinary
gas sensing properties, which was characterized by excellent H2 selectivity, fast response, rapid recovery kinetics, and
high gas response (ΔR/R
0 ∼ 124.6%@10 ppm), particularly in extremely humid
environments. The results reveal that adsorption sites provided by
the ZIF-8 template-based ZnO@GC frameworks facilitate the adsorption
and desorption of H2.
ObjectiveTo find factors affecting hip and femoral deformities in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) by comparing various clinical findings with imaging studies including plain radiography and computed tomography (CT) imaging.MethodsMedical records of 709 children with spastic CP who underwent thorough baseline physical examination and functional assessment between 2 to 6 years old were retrospectively reviewed. Fifty-seven children (31 boys and 26 girls) who had both plain radiography of the hip and three-dimensional CT of the lower extremities at least 5 years after baseline examination were included in this study.ResultsThe mean age at physical examination was 3.6 years (SD=1.6; range, 2–5.2 years) and the duration of follow-up imaging after baseline examination was 68.4 months (SD=22.0; range, 60–124 months). The migration percentage correlated with motor impairment and the severity of hip adductor spasticity (R1 angle of hip abduction with knee flexion). The femoral neck and shaft angle correlated with the ambulation ability and severity of hip adductor spasticity (R1 and R2 angles of hip abduction with both knee flexion and extension).ConclusionHip subluxation and coxa valga deformity correlated with both dynamic spasticity and shortening of hip adductor muscles. However, we found no correlation between femoral deformities such as femoral anteversion, coxa valga, and hip subluxation.
ObjectiveTo investigate the immediate effect of a single session of whole body vibration (WBV) on lower extremity spasticity in children with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodsSeventeen children with spastic CP were included. A single session of WBV was administered: 10-minute WBV, 1-minute rest, and 10-minute WBV. The effects of WBV were clinically assessed with the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS) before and immediately, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, and 4 hours after WBV.ResultsSpasticity of the ankle plantarflexor, as assessed by MAS and MTS scores, was reduced after WBV. Post-hoc analysis demonstrated that, compared to baseline, the MAS significantly improved for a period of 1 hour after WBV, and the R1 and R2–R1 of the MTS significantly improved for a period of 2 hours after WBV.ConclusionA single session of WBV improves spasticity of ankle plantarflexors for 1–2 hours in children with CP. Future studies are needed to test whether WBV is an effective preparation before physiotherapy and occupational therapy.
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