Guantánamo. Av. Che Guevara km 1.5 Carretera Jamaica. C. P. 95100. RESUMENL as propiedades físico-mecánicas de los tableros de madera plástica se evaluaron y compararon con los tableros convencionales (tablero de partículas de bagazo de caña, tablero contrachapado y tablero de fibras de bagazo de caña) más utilizados en Cuba. El tablero de madera plástica se elaboró con residuos de la industria forestal (aserrín), residuos industriales (termoplásticos) y aditivos químicos en proporciones de 50, 30 y 20 %, respectivamente; el tablero se obtuvo mediante moldeo por extrusión. Los resultados se analizaron con la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis y comparaciones múltiples post-hoc DMS de Fisher, para determinar las diferencias con relación a los tableros convencionales. Los resultados indican que las propiedades físicas de los tableros de madera plástica mejoraron con el aumento de la densidad. La absorción de agua e hinchamiento fueron menores respecto a los tableros convencionales, mientras que las propiedades mecánicas (flexión, compresión y tracción) fueron superiores. La tracción, flexión y compresión en los tableros de madera plástica fue estadística-mente similar (P > 0.05) que en los tableros contrachapados. Dadas sus propiedades, se considera que los tableros de madera plástica son capaces de sustituir tanto a los convencionales como a los de madera en condiciones de intemperie. ABSTRACTT he physico-mechanical properties of wood-plastic (WP) boards were evaluated and compared with those of conventional boards (sugarcane bagasse particleboard, plywood board and sugarcane bagasse fiberboard) more commonly used in Cuba. The WP board was made with waste from the forestry industry (sawdust), industrial waste (thermoplastics) and chemical additives in amounts of 50, 30 and 20%, respectively; the board was obtained by extrusion molding. Results were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test and Fisher's LSD post-hoc multiple comparisons analysis to determine differences relative to conventional boards. Results indicate that the physical properties of wood-plastic boards improved with increasing density. Water absorption and swelling were lower than in conventional boards, whereas the mechanical properties (bending, compression and tensile strength) were higher. Tensile strength, bending and compression in the wood-plastic boards were statistically similar (P > 0.05) in the plywood. Given their properties, it can be concluded that woodplastic boards are able to replace both conventional and wood boards in outdoor conditions.
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