Renewable energy is expected to play a significant role in power generation. The European Union, the USA, China, and others, are striving to limit the use of energy crop for energy production and to increase the use of crop residue both on the field and for energy generation processes. Therefore, crop residue may become a major energy source, with Ukraine following this course. Currently in Ukraine, renewable power generation does not exceed 10% of total electricity production. Despite a highly developed agriculture sector, there are only a small number of biomass power plants which burn crop residues. To identify possibilities for renewable power generation, the quantity of crop residues, their energy potential, and potential electricity generation were appraised. Cluster analysis was used to identify regions with the highest electricity consumption and crop residue energy potential. The major crops (wheat, barley, rapeseed, sunflower, and soybean) were considered in this study. A national production of crop residue for energy production of 48.66 million tons was estimated for 2018. The availability of crop residues was analyzed taking into account the harvest, residue-to-crop ratio, and residue removal rate. The crop residue energy potential of Ukraine has been estimated at 774.46 PJ. Power generation technologies have been analyzed. This study clearly shows that crop residue may generate between 27 and 108 billion kWh of power. We have selected preferable regions for setting up crop residue power plants. The results may be useful for the development of energy policy and helpful for investors in considering power generation projects.
Purpose Based on self-consistency theory and conservation of resource theory, this study aims to discuss the impact of career calling congruence on employees’ innovation performance (IP) and analyzes the mediating effect of work passion [harmonious passion (HP) and obsessive passion (OP)]. Design/methodology/approach To avoid serious common method biases, data in this paper were collected at three-wave. This paper investigated 381 employees to assess their career calling in time 1, measured their work passion in time 2 and assessed the IP of these employees in time 3. This paper also conducts confirmatory factor analysis, polynomial regression, response surface analysis, bootstrapping test and simple slope test to verify the research hypothesis in this paper. Findings In the career calling congruence case, employees’ HP, OP and IP are higher when both levels of serving oneself career calling and helping others career calling are high than when both are low; In the career calling incongruence case, employees’ HP, OP and IP are higher in the “low serving oneself and high helping others” case than in the “high serving oneself and low helping others” case; The more congruent the “serving oneself” and “helping others” career calling are, the higher the employees’ HP, OP and IP will be; and HP and OP mediate the relationship between career calling congruence and IP. Originality/value This study further clarifies the structure of career calling and find the positive effects of career calling on IP. The results present a deeper understanding of career calling and are universal applicable to the eastern culture context.
This study assesses economic and environmental performance in the Chinese industry sector across 30 provinces during the period of 2006-2017. The study relies on a nonparametric framework and we apply a novel decomposition of the overall inefficiency scores into three components of technical, scale and mix inefficiency at the aggregate level by incorporating undesirable outputs. As we rely on by-production technology, industry performance is split into economic and environmental dimensions. Our results show that Chinese industry inefficiency is equally due to economic and environmental performance during 2006-2017, whereas technical and scale inefficiencies are relatively higher for environmental sub-technology (which relates energy to CO 2 emission) if opposed to the economic sub-technology (which relates all the inputs to the economic value added). This implies that Chinese industry still requires improvements in environmental performance. The eastern region shows a relatively low average economic overall inefficiency if compared to other regions, yet its total OI (overall inefficiency) is the highest among the regions. Thus, environmental performance and misallocation of resources constitute the underlying causes of the total inefficiency. Therefore, structural reforms are necessary besides improvements in the production processes in the eastern region. This is important since China has experienced economic growth, but also policy must pay attention to environmental issues and sustainability.Sustainability 2019, 11, 6804 2 of 17 from energy consumption. In light of these two objectives, it is necessary to measure the efficiency of Chinese industry in this context. Instead of evaluating China's economic growth performance from the perspective of traditional efficiency and productivity, this paper takes into account unintended processes such as the generating of CO 2 . This paper employed the by-production model that can examine the generation of desirable output and undesirable output (CO 2 emission) simultaneously. The by-production model relies on two sub-technologies, one defining the production of desirable outputs and the other defining the generation of the undesirable ones (see Section 3.1 for details).Based on a nonparametric framework, we evaluate economic and environmental performance in the Chinese industrial sector among 30 provinces during 2006-2017. Contributions to the literature include identifying the mix and scale effects in Chinese industry at both an aggregate and individual levels and decomposing the overall performance into economic and environmental components by applying this by-production model. Literature ReviewThe increasing concerns on the sustainability of economic activities have induced the need for appropriate analytical tools [2][3][4][5]. Among different methods, DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) has appeared as a tool capable of analyzing environmental performance in the context of the neo-classical economic theory. Indeed, there have been a number of studies applying DEA for an...
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