The A1438G polymorphism of the 5-HTR 2A gene might be involved in the pathogenesis in OSAHS subjects of the Chinese Han population. Meanwhile, our findings support the argument that 5-HTT polymorphism appears to be associated with susceptibility to OSAHS, because the allele 10 of 5-HTT-VNTR might be a susceptible factor.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, with multiple genetic and environmental factors involving in its etiology. ACE and eNOS gene were considered to have important roles in the development and progression of DN. In this study, a case-control study was carried out to investigate the effects of 7 SNPs in ACE gene and 2 SNPs in eNOS gene in the development of DN in Northern China.7 SNPs including A240T, A2350G, A5466C, A2215G, T3892C, C1237T and C3409T of ACE gene and 2 SNPs (G894T and T786C) of eNOS gene were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method. 431 type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy (cases) were compared to 420 type 2 diabetic patients without nephropathy (controls) in the study. Data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 and HaploView software. The frequency distribution of A2350G, 4 haplotyps in ACE gene and G894T in eNOS gene were demonstrated to be different between case and control groups significantly. Whereas other SNPs and haplotypes had no differences in two cohorts. The results revealed that variations of ACE and eNOS gene had association with DN, which indicated ACE and eNOS gene may play an important role in pathogenesis of DN in Northern Chinese Han population.
The aim of this study is to investigate whether systemic 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) can promote long-lasting form of respiratory plasticity in vivo via 5-HT2AR-activated protein kinase C (PKC) mechanism. The frequency and peak amplitude of hypoglossal nerve discharges in anesthetized rats were compared before and after intravenous injections of different treatments, including saline, 5-HT, ketanserin tartrate, or staurosporine. The administration of 5-HT at a systemic bolus imposed an initial ephemeral inhibition subsequently followed by striking facilitation, which demonstrates a biphasic manner of hypoglossal nerve output in anesthetized adult rats. The facilitatory stage conformed to the reinforced hypoglossal activity that lasted for more than 60 min after drug administration. The 5-HT evoked biphasic manner of hypoglossal output and hypoglossal nerve activity LTF (hLTF) were 5-HT2A receptor-dependent and coupled to PKC activation. The initial inhibition of hypoglossal activity was associated with nodose ganglion, and the subsequent facilitation was associated with carotid body. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation was triggered in the systemic 5-HT2-dependent hLTF model in vivo. The expressions of immunofluorescent histochemistry provide morphological evidence of a 5-HT/5-HT2A receptor coupled to PKC mechanism. In conclusion, systemic 5-HT challenge contributes to long-lasting form of respiratory plasticity and to elicit hLTF or elevated hLTF in animals, which with decreased or even with inhibited peripheral inhibitory activations. The effect of systemic 5-HT was regulated by a 5-HT2AR-activated PKC mechanism.
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