The Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) is a wide-field photometric system installed by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI). Here, we present the overall technical specifications of the KMTNet observation system, test observation results, data transfer and image processing procedure, and finally, the KMTNet science programs. The system consists of three 1.6 m wide-field optical telescopes equipped with mosaic CCD cameras of 18k by 18k pixels. Each telescope provides a 2.0 by 2.0 square degree field of view. We have finished installing all three telescopes and cameras sequentially at the Cerro-Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) in Chile, the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO) in South Africa, and the Siding Spring Observatory (SSO) in Australia. This network of telescopes, which is spread over three different continents at a similar latitude of about −30 degrees, enables 24-hour continuous monitoring of targets observable in the Southern Hemisphere. The test observations showed good image quality that meets the seeing requirement of less than 1.0 arcsec in I-band. All of the observation data are transferred to the KMTNet data center at KASI via the international network communication and are processed with the KMTNet data pipeline. The primary scientific goal of the KMTNet is to discover numerous extrasolar planets toward the Galactic bulge by using the gravitational microlensing technique, especially earth-mass planets in the habitable zone. During the non-bulge season, the system is used for wide-field photometric survey science on supernovae, asteroids, and external galaxies.

Figure 3 in the above article contained an erroneous spectra in part b. The corrected figure is shown below in full: Figure 3. a-b) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) profi les of the core-shell (HSLiNi 0.54 Co 0.12 Mn 0.34 O 2) particles before etching (a) and after etching to depths of 5, 30, 60 and 90 nm (b). The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused.

We complete the analysis of all 2018 prime-field microlensing planets identified by the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) Anomaly Finder. Among the ten previously unpublished events with clear planetary solutions, eight are either unambiguously planetary or are very likely to be planetary in nature: OGLE-2018-BLG-1126, KMT-2018-BLG-2004, OGLE-2018-BLG-1647, OGLE-2018-BLG-1367, OGLE-2018-BLG-1544, OGLE-2018-BLG-0932, OGLE-2018-BLG-1212, and KMT-2018-BLG-2718. Combined with the four previously published new Anomaly Finder events and 12 previously published (or in preparation) planets that were discovered by eye, this makes a total of 24 2018 prime-field planets discovered or recovered by Anomaly Finder. Together with a paper in preparation on 2018 subprime planets, this work lays the basis for the first statistical analysis of the planet mass-ratio function based on planets identified in KMTNet data. By systematically applying the heuristic analysis to each event, we identified the small modification in their formalism that is needed to unify the so-called close-wide and inner-outer degeneracies.

SIBs), for which the reaction chemistries are similar to those of LIBs. [4][5][6][7][8] To reach similar energy densities as LIBs, promising cathode materials for SIBs must possess high capacity to compensate for their intrinsically low operation voltages. As the capacities of cathode materials can reach their limit when using transition metal redox, it is anticipated that redox of oxygen in the crystal structure can contribute additional capacity and boost the resulting energy density. [9,10] Representative works were performed in the early 2000s, specifically, on Li 2 MnO 3 (Li[Li 1/3 Mn 2/3 ]O 2 ) layered material, [11,12] which has the same crystal structure as typical LiTMO 2 (TM = transition metal). Li 2 MnO 3 is electrochemically inactive because Mn 4+ /Mn 5+ redox is not available within the normal cutoff voltage window. However, the material delivered a capacity beyond the theoretical limit attributed to the transition metal redox (300 mAh g −1 ). [12] Earlier works suggested that the delivered capacity could be attributed to oxygen loss from the oxide lattice; [12] however, state-of-the-art characterization later proved that the main contributor to the capacity was associated with the oxygen redox, [13] which triggered the intensive study of oxygen redox. Recently, there are some arguments to verify the chemical state of lattice oxygen during electrochemical reaction. Earlier work by Tarascon et al. [9] demonstrated the oxygen activity using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in Li 2 Ru 1-y Sn y O 3 compound. In situ or operando Raman spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) become important tools in identifying the formation of peroxolike species (O 2 n− ). [14,15] Yang and Devereaux [16] highlighted the importance of using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) to identify the activity of lattice oxygen in oxide materials. From the above facts, it is considered that combination of the above-mentioned characterization tools with theoretical thermodynamic prediction may provide more reliable results to understand the oxygen redox chemistry.The oxygen redox reaction has also been extensively investigated in SIBs to achieve additional capacity. [17][18][19] For SIBs, Na 2 MnO 3 (Na[Na 1/3 Mn 2/3 ]O 2 ), which has the same crystal structure as Li 2 MnO 3 , has also been considered despite the large difference in the ionic size between sodium and manganese. For Recently, anionic-redox-based materials have shown promising electrochemical performance as cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries. However, one of the limiting factors in the development of oxygen-redoxbased electrodes is their low operating voltage. In this study, the operating voltage of oxygen-redox-based electrodes is raised by incorporating nickel into P2-type Na 2/3 [Zn 0.3 Mn 0.7 ]O 2 in such a way that the zinc is partially substituted by nickel. As designed, the resulting P2-type Na 2/3 [(Ni 0.5 Zn 0.5 ) 0.3 Mn 0.7 ]O 2 electrode ...