Objective We aimed to evaluate the performance of the newly developed deep learning radiomics of elastography (Dlre) for assessing liver fibrosis stages. Dlre adopts the radiomic strategy for quantitative analysis of the heterogeneity in two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWe) images. Design a prospective multicentre study was conducted to assess its accuracy in patients with chronic hepatitis B, in comparison with 2D-SWe, aspartate transaminaseto-platelet ratio index and fibrosis index based on four factors, by using liver biopsy as the reference standard. its accuracy and robustness were also investigated by applying different number of acquisitions and different training cohorts, respectively. Data of 654 potentially eligible patients were prospectively enrolled from 12 hospitals, and finally 398 patients with 1990 images were included. analysis of receiver operating characteristic (rOc) curves was performed to calculate the optimal area under the rOc curve (aUc) for cirrhosis (F4), advanced fibrosis (≥F3) and significance fibrosis (≥F2). results aUcs of Dlre were 0.97 for F4 (95% ci 0.94 to 0.99), 0.98 for ≥F3 (95% ci 0.96 to 1.00) and 0.85 (95% ci 0.81 to 0.89) for ≥F2, which were significantly better than other methods except 2D-SWe in ≥F2. its diagnostic accuracy improved as more images (especially ≥3 images) were acquired from each individual. no significant variation of the performance was found if different training cohorts were applied.
Thyroid nodules are very common all over the world, and China is no exception. Ultrasound plays an important role in determining the risk stratification of thyroid nodules, which is critical for clinical management of thyroid nodules. For the past few years, many versions of TIRADS (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System) have been put forward by several institutions with the aim to identify whether nodules require fine-needle biopsy or ultrasound follow-up. However, no version of TIRADS has been widely adopted worldwide till date. In China, as many as ten versions of TIRADS have been used in different hospitals nationwide, causing a lot of confusion. With the support of the Superficial Organ and Vascular Ultrasound Group of the Society of Ultrasound in Medicine of the Chinese Medical Association, the Chinese-TIRADS that is in line with China's national conditions and medical status was established based on literature review, expert consensus, and multicenter data provided by the Chinese Artificial Intelligence Alliance for Thyroid and Breast Ultrasound.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor, which owns the characteristics of high recurrence, low survival rate and poor prognosis because of the existence of blood brain barrier (BBB) and complicated brain tumor microenvironment. Currently, immunotherapy has attracted much attention on account of favorable therapeutic effect. In this study, we designed a cRGD-modified cancer cell membrane (CM) coated calcium carbonate nanoparticle to deliver interleukin-12 messenger RNA (IL-12 mRNA@cRGD-CM-CaCO3 NPs). The cRGD-modified CM as the shell can endow the nanoparticles with BBB crossing and tumor homing/homotypic targeting effect in the brain tumor microenvironment. IL-12 mRNA-loaded calcium carbonate nanoparticles as the core allow synergistic immunotherapy of necroptosis-induced immune response and IL-12 mRNA transfection under ultrasound irradiation. The as-prepared biomimetic nanoparticles showed superior target and immunotherapeutic outcomes, suggesting that this biomimetic nanoplatform provides a feasible strategy for promoting BBB-penetrating and antitumor immunity.
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