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With well-matched groups and consistent procedure design, our results demonstrated that the volume reduction ratio, therapeutic success rate, symptom and cosmetic score, and complications related to treatment for the two techniques are equivalent. Radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation are both effective and safe methods in treating benign thyroid nodules.

Many studies have explored the relationship between housing prices and environmental characteristics using the hedonic price model (HPM). However, few studies have deeply examined the impact of scene perception near residential units on housing prices. This article used house purchasing records from FANG.com and open access geolocation data (including massive street view pictures, point of interest (POI) data and road network data) and proposed a framework named “open-access-dataset-based hedonic price modeling (OADB-HPM)” for comprehensive analysis in Beijing and Shanghai, China. A state-of-the-art deep learning framework and massive Baidu street view panoramas were employed to visualize and quantify three major scene perception characteristics (greenery, sky and building view indexes, abbreviated GVI, SVI and BVI, respectively) at the street level. Then, the newly introduced scene perception characteristics were combined with other traditional characteristics in the HPM to calculate marginal prices, and the results for Beijing and Shanghai were explored and compared. The empirical results showed that the greenery and sky perceptual elements at the property level can significantly increase the housing price in Beijing (RMB 39,377 and 6011, respectively) and Shanghai (RMB 21,689 and 2763, respectively), indicating an objectively higher willingness by buyers to pay for houses that provide the ability to perceive natural elements in the surrounding environment. This study developed quantification tools to help decision makers and planners understand and analyze the interaction between residents and urban scene components.

As an important component of atmosphere, water vapor is highly involved in the global water cycle and energy exchange. To date, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and radiosonde techniques have been widely used to detect the water vapor content in the atmosphere. Recently, European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) has released the latest reanalysis data set, namely, ECMWF Re‐Analysis (ERA5), whose temporal and spatial resolutions have a significant improvement over its previous‐generation product of ERA‐Interim. This study aims to assess the consistency of precipitable water vapors (PWVs) derived from ERA5, ERA‐Interim, GNSS, and radiosondes during the entire year of 2017. The GNSS‐derived PWVs were obtained at 41 Crustal Movement Observation Network of China stations, while the radiosonde‐derived PWVs were acquired at the adjacent 41 radiosonde stations. The nationwide PWVs derived from the ERA5 and ERA‐Interim show root‐mean‐square (RMS) errors of 1.8 and 2.1 mm with respect to the GNSS PWVs and 2.7 and 2.8 mm with respect to the radiosonde PWVs, respectively. Besides, the RMS errors exhibit significant regional and seasonal differences. The nationwide relative RMS of the ERA5‐ and ERA‐Interim‐derived PWVs are 11.1% and 13.4% with respect to the GNSS PWVs and 16.2% and 17.8% with respect to the radiosonde PWVs, respectively. The relative RMS values show significant difference between the east and west sides of Hu line across China. Furthermore, the nationwide PWVs are obtained using GNSS data sets at over 200 Crustal Movement Observation Network of China stations to compare with the ERA5‐derived PWVs in China. Results indicate that the spatial distribution of the PWVs derived from the two data sources is quite consistent, suggesting a great application prospect of the ERA5 products in China.

A simple and robust technique for absolute phase measurement based on number theory is presented. The new, to our knowledge, technique, which is compared with the Gushov-Solodkin algorithm, surmounts the shortcomings in the Gushov-Solodkin algorithm. The technique permits the three-dimensional shape measurement of objects that have discontinuous height steps and has resulted in a new and more powerful method of measuring surface absolute profile. Experimental results are presented that demonstrate the validity of the principle.

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A series of novel 2-cyanoacrylates containing different aromatic rings were synthesized, and their structures were characterized by (1)H NMR, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Their herbicidal activities against four weeds and inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport against isolated chloroplasts (the Hill reaction) were evaluated. Both in vivo and in vitro data showed that the compounds containing benzene, pyridine, and thiazole moieties gave higher activities than those containing pyrimidine, pyridazine, furan, and tetrahedronfuran moieties. To further explore the comprehensive structure-activity relationship on the basis of in vitro data, comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) was performed, and the results showed that a bulky and electronegative group around the para-position of the aromatic rings would have the potential for higher activity, which offered important structural insights into designing highly active compounds prior to the next synthesis.