BackgroundPreoperative symptoms like occipital pressure ulcers and alopecia areata (AA) significantly lowered patient quality of life. Therefore, preoperative nursing was in need of investigation. This study aimed to compare effects of an alternating inflatable head pad and a gel pad on occurrence of postoperative pressure ulcers and AA in patients undergoing open heart surgery.Material/MethodsThis was a prospective study. We allocated randomly 120 patients undergoing surgery (3–7 h) in the Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, China from January to October 2015 to the control (gel head pad) or the experimental (alternating inflatable head pad) group (n=60 per group). The incidence and severity of occipital pressure ulcer were graded by the classification system of the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (EPUAP). The degree of occipital alopecia was measured by hair pull test. This study used the t test and chi-square analysis. All statistics were analyzed by SPSS 21.0.ResultsCompared with the control group, there was a significantly lower incidence and severity of occipital pressure ulcer and alopecia in the experimental group (9 cases/60 cases vs. 1 case/60 cases, P<0.01). Moreover, multivariate analysis showed the risk of developing occipital pressure ulcer after surgery was also obviously lower in the experimental group (OR 1.449–120.798; P<0.005). Hair pull test revealed that fewer patients in the experimental group had a hair loss over 10%.ConclusionsThe alternating inflatable head pad was effective in reducing the incidence and severity of occipital pressure ulcer and alopecia associated with surgery, which benefited the postoperative nursing and improved patient quality of life.
Objectives Sarcopenia is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. However, the clinical factors that lead to colorectal cancer patients with sarcopenia are still unclear. The objectives of the study are to develop and validate a nomogram that predicts the happen of sarcopenia and provide a reliable tool for healthcare providers to identify the high-risk population of colorectal cancer patients with sarcopenia early. Methods A total of 359 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer from July 2021 to May 2022 were included. All patients were randomly divided into a training (n = 287) cohort and a validation cohort (n = 72) at the ratio of 80/20. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were performed to evaluate the factors associated with sarcopenia. The diagnostic nomogram of sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer was constructed in the training cohort and was validated in the validation cohort. AUC, calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to evaluate the performance of the nomogram. Results Smoking history, drinking history, diabetes, TNM stage, nutritional status, and physical activity were included in the nomogram for the prediction of sarcopenia. The diagnostic nomograms exhibited good discrimination, the AUC value of the diagnostic nomogram is 0.971 and 0.922 in the training and verification cohort. Nomogram's calibration work is also excellent (H-L test:0.886). Conclusions The nomogram composed of preoperative factors can successfully predict the occurrence of sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer, which is helpful to early identify the high-risk population and employ an intervention for them timely.
ObjectivesSarcopenia is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. However, the clinical factors that lead to colorectal cancer patients with sarcopenia are still unclear. The objective of this study is to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting the occurrence of sarcopenia and to provide healthcare professionals with a reliable tool for early identification of high-risk patients with colorectal cancer associated sarcopenia.MethodsA total of 359 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer from July 2021 to May 2022 were included. All patients were randomly divided into a training (n = 287) cohort and a validation cohort (n = 72) at the ratio of 80/20. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were performed to evaluate the factors associated with sarcopenia. The diagnostic nomogram of sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer was constructed in the training cohort and validated in the validation cohort. Various evaluation metrics were employed to assess the performance of the developed nomogram, including the ROC curve, calibration curve, and Hosmer-Lemeshow test.ResultsSmoking history, drinking history, diabetes, TNM stage, nutritional status, and physical activity were included in the nomogram for the prediction of sarcopenia. The diagnostic nomograms demonstrated excellent discrimination, with AUC values of 0.971 and 0.922 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Moreover, the calibration performance of the nomogram is also excellent, as evidenced by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test result of 0.886.ConclusionsThe nomogram consisting of preoperative factors was able to successfully predict the occurrence of sarcopenia in colorectal cancer patients, aiding in the early identification of high-risk patients and facilitating timely implementation of appropriate intervention measures.
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