Pollutions caused by heavy metals has become a wordwide concerned issue. Herein, CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots are used as fluorescent probe for selective detection of copper ions in organic phase with a limit of detection (LOD) down to 0.1 nM.

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Light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) comprising metal-free molecules that emit by the process of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) can be both sustainable and low cost. However, the blue emission performance of current TADF-LECs is unfortunately poor, which effectively prohibits their utilization in important applications, such as illumination and full-color displays. Here, this drawback is addressed through the development of a TADF-LEC, which delivers blue light emission (peak wavelength = 475 nm) with a high external quantum efficiency of 5.0%, corresponding to a current efficacy of 9.6 cd A -1 . It is notable that this high efficiency is attained at bright luminance of 740 cd m -2 , and that the device turn-on is very fast. It is demonstrated that this accomplishment is enabled by the blending of a carbazole-based 9-( 4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-2methylphenyl)-3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazole guest emitter with a compatible carbazole-based tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine:2,6-bis(3-(carbazol-9-yl) phenyl)pyridine blend-host for the attainment of bipolar electrochemical doping, balanced electron/hole transport, and exciplex-effectuated host-toguest energy transfer.

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