Scandium(III) perfluorooctanesulfonate [scandium(III) perflate, Sc(OPf)3] was prepared from either scandium(III) chloride or oxide and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid. The perflate thus obtained acts as a novel Lewis acid catalyst for the intermolecular hetero Diels–Alder reaction of aldehydes with non-activated dienes under mild conditions. The characteristic features of the catalyst include (i) low hygroscopicity, (ii) ease of handling, and (iii) robustness for the recycling use.
In this paper, the feasibility of applying catalytic distillation for the hydrolysis of methyl acetate is studied experimentally. An optimum technological process for the hydrolysis is determined, based on experimental results and mathematical simulations. The methyl acetate conversion can be greatly increased, and the energy consumption reduced, for certain operation conditions via the catalytic distillation process.
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