Background: Paclitaxel plays a pivotal role in the chemotherapy of breast cancer, but resistance to this drug is an important obstacle in the treatment. It is reported that microRNA-152-3p (miR-152-3p) is involved in tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer, but whether it is involved in paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer remains unknown. Materials and methods: We examined the expression of miR-152-3p in breast cancer tissues and cells by qRT-PCR. After transfecting paclitaxel-resistant MCF-7/TAX cells with miR-152-3p mimics, we analyzed the function of miR-152-3p in these cells by MTT assay and flow cytometry. We screened the target gene, endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 (EPAS1), using bioinformatics analysis and verified it with the dual luciferase reporter gene experiment. The relationship between EPAS1 and miR-152-3p and their roles in paclitaxel resistance of breast cancer were further investigated using RNA interference and transfection techniques. Results: The expression of miR-152-3p in normal breast tissues and cells was markedly higher than that in breast cancer. Overexpression of miR-152-3p decreased the survival rate and increased the apoptosis rate and sensitivity of MCF-7/TAX cells to paclitaxel. We confirmed that EPAS1 is the target of miR-152-3p and is negatively regulated by this miRNA. Moreover, transfection with EPAS1 siRNA enhanced the susceptibility and apoptosis rate of MCF-7/TAX cells to paclitaxel. Co-transfection of miR-152-3p mimics and EPAS1 increased paclitaxel sensitivity and apoptosis induced by the drug. Conclusion: miR-152-3p inhibits the survival of MCF-7/TAX cells and promotes their apoptosis by targeting the expression of EPAS1, thereby, enhancing the sensitivity of these breast cancer cells to paclitaxel.
The paper puts forward a message digest algorithm for processing the short message, the Single-Block Hash function, SBH-256. The message digest algorithm designed is processed by 32-step computation only for the characters whose length is less than 256 bits. The algorithm designed solves the shortages and blemish of these traditional message digests effectively, improves the operating efficiency and the length of its output value is 128 bits at the same time, it guarantees the same security with MD5. The experimental results show that the new message digest algorithm guarantees the security and improves the efficiency of short messages processed greatly and overcomes the shortage of traditional message digest algorithms.
The population genetic structure and the dispersal ability of Plectorhinchus flavomaculatus from South China Sea were examined with a 464 bp segment of mtDNA control region. A total of 116 individuals were collected from 12 coral reefs in Xisha, Zhongsha and Nansha archipelagos and 22 haplotypes were obtained. Two lineages were detected, which might have diverged in different glacial refuge during Pleistocene low sea levels. Contrary to homogenization expectation, AMOVA and pairwise F ST revealed significant genetic structure between Nansha and other two archipelagos (Xisha and Zhongsha). Pattern of isolation by distance was observed in this species, suggesting that mean dispersal distance of P. flavomaculatus is no more than 300 km. The different environment in glacial ages may cause the different pattern of population demography in lineages (stable model in lineage A and sudden expansion model in lineage B).
Under the condition of controlling the relevant electrolysis process parameters, 12μm-thick electrolytic copper foils were prepared by adjusting the electrodeposition time under different current densities. The surface morphology, mechanical properties and textures of the electrolytic copper foil at different current densities were studied using SEM, XRD, EBSD and universal testing machines. The fracture mechanism of the copper foil at different current densities was also analyzed in this paper. The results show that as the current density increases, the surface of the copper foil become larger and sharper. The main orientation of the crystal surface is {220}, and the preference firstly increases and then decreases. The high preference of the {220} crystal surface of the copper foil reduces its tensile strength. When the current density is from 8 to 14 A/dm2, the preferential degree of {111} decreases with the increase of current density, while the preferential degree of {220} increases, and the tensile strength of copper foil decreases. When the current density is from 14 to 26 A/dm2, the preferential degree of {111} and {311} increases with the increase of current density, while the preference of {220} crystal surface decreases, and the tensile strength of copper foil increases. The elongation of copper foil is affected by the fracture mechanism. When the current density is 8 A/dm2, the copper foil is plastically fractured and has high elongation. When the current density is 14A/dm2, the copper foil is brittle fracture and the elongation is low. When the current density is 26 A/dm2, the copper foil is plastically fractured but the effect of hydrogen evolution at high current density reduces the plasticity of the copper foil.
Abstract. The security and privacy problem of low-cost RFID system is one of the most difficult conundrums in the RFID research field. A protocol based on access control was proposed in this paper, which used the reader access, partial ID, XOR operation, etc. By using of the reader authority distribution method, the unauthorized tag`s information was prevented give-away and it can avoid the lawful reader attack, location privacy attack, etc. Function of the reader was fully used. At the same time, the back-end database`s load and the time of the tag`s answer were reduced. Compared with several traditional security authentication protocols, this protocol is more security, lower energy consumption and more suitable for low-cost RFID system.
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