In this study, we did not observe differences in clinical outcomes based on alternative sequencing of AA and DP in mCRPC patients. The ability to tolerate side effects and patient preference may be used to determine the treatment sequencing. In addition, high pretreatment SII level is a negative independent prognosticator of survival outcomes in mCRPC with sequential therapy using DP followed by AA or vice versa, which might guide clinicians select the best treatment.

BackgroundPatients with metastatic or relapsed gallbladder cancer generally have a poor prognosis. Therefore, targeting metastasis is one arm of therapeutic strategies to treat gallbladder cancer.MethodsLevels of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) were measured in samples of gallbladder cancer by immunohistochemical staining. Wound healing, migration and invasion assays were used to investigate the motility of cells. Western blot assay was used to investigate the levels of TCTP and other proteins. Liver metastasis models and lung metastasis models were established to investigate the inhibitory effect of Dihydroartemisinin on gallbladder cancer metastasis.ResultsTCTP is aberrantly expressed in gallbladder cancer patients and associated with metastasis and a poor prognosis. Depleting TCTP significantly inhibited gallbladder cancer cell migration and invasion. We found that Dihydroartemisinin as a potent inhibitor of TCTP inhibited TCTP-dependent cell migration and invasion by reducing cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42) activation. In addition, in mice with xenografted tumors, treatment with Dihydroartemisinin decreased gallbladder cancer cell metastases and improved survival.ConclusionsThese findings provide new insights into the therapeutic activity of Dihydroartemisinin as a treatment for gallbladder cancer metastasis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-017-0531-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Context Previous studies suggest that maternal thyroid function affects fetal growth, but the association between combined thyroid hormones from early to late pregnancy and newborn birth weight remains unknown. Objective To explore the association of maternal thyroid function during early and late pregnancy with birth weight. Design A large prospective cohort study of a Chinese population. Setting This study recruited pregnant women who underwent first-trimester prenatal screenings at the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital between January 2013 and December 2016. Participants This study enrolled 46,186 mothers in whom TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), T3, and thyroid peroxidase antibody concentrations were measured in the first and third trimesters and in whom data on birth weight were available. Main Outcome Measures Birth weight, small for gestational age, large for gestational age (LGA). Results A higher TSH or FT4 concentration, or a lower T3 concentration, during the first or third trimester was associated with a lower birth weight. The lowest percentiles of maternal FT4 (FT4 < 2.5th percentile) in both trimesters were associated with a 0.34-SD higher birth weight. The effect estimates were greater in those in the first trimester (0.23 SD) or in the third trimester (0.17 SD). The association of maternal TSH and FT4 with birth weight differed according to fetal sex. Conclusions Persistently low FT4 concentrations throughout pregnancy were associated with higher birth weight and an increased risk of LGA. Based on these findings, we recommend monitoring mildly altered concentrations of thyroid hormone throughout pregnancy.