Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary bone tumor with poor prognosis. Through RNA-sequencing of 100,987 individual cells from 7 primary, 2 recurrent, and 2 lung metastatic osteosarcoma lesions, 11 major cell clusters are identified based on unbiased clustering of gene expression profiles and canonical markers. The transcriptomic properties, regulators and dynamics of osteosarcoma malignant cells together with their tumor microenvironment particularly stromal and immune cells are characterized. The transdifferentiation of malignant osteoblastic cells from malignant chondroblastic cells is revealed by analyses of inferred copy-number variation and trajectory. A proinflammatory FABP4+ macrophages infiltration is noticed in lung metastatic osteosarcoma lesions. Lower osteoclasts infiltration is observed in chondroblastic, recurrent and lung metastatic osteosarcoma lesions compared to primary osteoblastic osteosarcoma lesions. Importantly, TIGIT blockade enhances the cytotoxicity effects of the primary CD3+ T cells with high proportion of TIGIT+ cells against osteosarcoma. These results present a single-cell atlas, explore intratumor heterogeneity, and provide potential therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma.

Purpose: Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignant tumour with poor prognosis. The median survival is only 6 months. This study investigated the prognostic value of nuclear export protein chromosomal region maintenance/exportin 1/Xpo1 (CRM1) expression in pancreas cancer. Methods: CRM1 expression was detected, by Western blot, in pancreatic tissue from 69 cancer patients and 10 normal subjects. Results: CRM1 showed increased expression in pancreatic cancer tissue (P = 0.007). The high expression of CRM1 was associated with increased serum levels of CEA (P = 0.002) and CA19-9 (P = 0.005). There was an association between CRM1 expression and tumour size (P = 0.01), lymphadenopathy (P = 0.004) and liver metastasis (P = 0.003). High CRM1 expression was not correlated with the other clinicopathological parameters. High CRM1 expression was a prognostic indicator for progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.006) as well as overall survival (OS) (P = 0.001). Expression of CRM1 was an independent prognostic parameter for poorer PFS and OS (95% CI, 1.27–5.39). Conclusions: CRM1 expression demonstrated prognostic value in pancreatic cancer. Prospective studies are required to determine the prognostic role of high expression of CRM1 in pancreatic cancer.

The present study was designed to determine whether the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is correlated with the extent of metastasis and the survival of patients with osteosarcoma. Using tissue microarrays, we analyzed the expression of CXCR4 and VEGF in tumor tissues collected from 56 patients with osteosarcoma. A two-year follow-up was performed to evaluate tumor metastatic behavior and the overall survival of the patients. There was a significant correlation between the expression of CXCR4 and the expression of VEGF in tumor tissues of these patients (P = 0.002). Univariate analysis revealed that expression of these proteins was correlated with clinical stage, but not age, gender, or serum alkaline phosphatase levels. The patients with tumors expressing CXCR4 and VEGF had worse overall survival rates compared with the patients with tumors that did not express CXCR4 (P = 0.03) or VEGF (P = 0.04). These data indicate that CXCR4 and VEGF expression is highly correlated with metastatic progression in patients with osteosarcoma and had predictive value for the metastasis and survival of osteosarcoma patients.

Purpose. This study aims to compare the accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation formulas in eyes with long axial lengths from Chinese patients subjected to cataract surgery. Methods. A total of 148 eyes with an axial length of >26 mm from 148 patients who underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation were included. The Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, and SRK/T formulas were used to calculate the refractive power of the intraocular lenses and the postoperative estimated power. Results. Overall, the Haigis formula achieved the lowest level of median absolute error 1.025 D (P < 0.01 for Haigis versus each of the other formulas), followed by SRK/T formula (1.040 D). All formulas were least accurate when eyes were with axial length of >33 mm, and median absolute errors were significantly higher for those eyes than eyes with axial length = 26.01–30.00 mm. Absolute error was correlated with axial length for the SRK/T (r = 0.212, P = 0.010) and Hoffer Q (r = 0.223, P = 0.007) formulas. For axial lengths > 33 mm, eyes exhibited a postoperative hyperopic refractive error. Conclusions. The Haigis and SRK/T formulas may be more suitable for calculating intraocular lens power for eyes with axial lengths ranging from 26 to 33 mm. And for axial length over 33 mm, the Haigis formula could be more accurate.

SD-OCT, via extended imaging depth through a dual-channel, dual-focus approach, is a feasible and practical modality for noninvasive imaging and measurement of ocular accommodation.

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Under-expression of RPL7A may be involved in the carcinogenesis of osteosarcoma. Loss of RPL7A expression may be associated with poor survival of osteosarcoma patients with lung metastasis.

The meta-analysis shows that the 2 techniques have similar outcomes in terms of final visual acuity and complications. Bimanual MICS has the advantage of less SIA and phaco time whereas C-SICS has the advantage of quicker surgery and less likelihood of early-onset corneal edema.