This paper measures the carbon emissions efficiency by using data envelopment analysis. The gross domestic product and carbon emissions are the two outputs, and labor, energy consumption and capital stock are the three inputs in our DEA model. We decompose changes of carbon emissions performance into two contributors: the carbon emissions technical efficiency change and the carbon emissions technical change. For the developing countries mentioned in this paper as a whole, the empirical results indicate that the carbon emissions technical efficiency change is the contributor to carbon emissions performance increase, while the carbon emissions technique change is the component driving carbon emissions performance decrease during 1983-2003. However, the carbon emissions technical efficiency change is the contributor to carbon emissions performance decrease, while the carbon emissions technical change is the driving force to carbon emissions performance increase during 2003-2008.
In this study, Nano-TiO2films are incorporated with heavy metal Pt by the Sol-Gel Dip-Coating (SGDC) method to change their photo-catalytic properties. The Pt and Pt/TiO2sol is prepared first, then it was used for coating on the ITO by the Dip-Coating method; finally, through calcination under the high temperature, the desired Pt and Pt/TiO2film can be obtained. The film structure was tested by the photoelectric test, XRD and AFM. Results showed that the best preparation conditions is identified as 10ml of Tetrabutyltitanate, 20ml of Anhydrous ethanol and 3ml of Tri-ethanolamine, with a 450°C of calcination temperature lasting for 3h; 3 layers of coating is also suggested with the Pt content being 0.30mol %.
The reaction efficiency of rigid PU foam alcoholysis in different conditions is studied in this research. The 1,2-propanediol and DEA are respectively used as alcoholysis agent and catalyst in the experiment. The influence of 1,2- propanediol/rigid and DEA/rigid PU foam weight ratios on the decomposed product is examined, and the respective alcoholysis efficiencies are also investigated. According to the experiment, two weight ratios (i.e. 2:1 for 1,2-PDO/rigid PU foam, and 0.1:1 for DEA/rigid PU foam) can be identified to make the reaction more efficient with less 1,2-PDO and DEA inputs.
Jian-yu Lu has studied a high frame rate (HFR) ultrasound imaging system since 1997. In the system, weighting echo signal by limited diffraction beam spends most of the computing time of imaging algorithm. In the paper the spectrum of HFR ultrasound imaging is analyzed. Combining limited bandwidth properties of image spectrum and the plane wave characteristics of limited diffraction wave, a method, which can improve the efficiency of weighted processing algorithms, is put forward. Simulation results show that it effectively reduces the calculation amount of weighting, meanwhile maintaining image quality.
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