The originally synthesized hydrophobic hybrid polymer Bu4N+‐POM‐PS is tuned into a giant amphiphile composed of a hydrophilic H+‐POM head and a hydrophobic PS tail through protonation. Immediately, the hybrid amphiphiles self‐assemble into vesicles. A further annealing treatment induces an evolution from vesicles to tubular aggregates containing H+‐POM nanotubes wrapped with PS coronas. After this transformation, the tubular aggregates grow further and then arrange in a parallel manner to form domains. This interesting morphology evolution provides us an opportunity to understand the intriguing aggregation behavior of the hybrid amphiphiles and, meanwhile, to generate POM nanotubes which might be utilized to create nanomaterials for potential applications.
The dierential quadrature (DQ) element method proposed by Wang and Gu in 1997 has been extended to analyse rectangular plate problems. The methodology is worked out in detail and some numerical examples are given. #
Aiming at the problem of distributed target detection when there is signal mismatch, this paper proposes a tunable detector, which is characterised by a tunable parameter. The proposed detector can realise the flexible detection of mismatch signals by adjusting the tunable parameter, and hence the directivity (robustness or selectivity to mismatched signals) of the tunable detector can be smoothly adjusted. In addition, the tunable detector can obtain approximately the same detection performance as the corresponding generalised likelihood ratio test in the absence of signal mismatch. The proposed tunable detector also possesses the constant false alarm rate property. Numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed detector.
For adaptive multichannel radar detection in the framework of multiple alternative hypotheses, where either the target or jamming could be present, a kind of two‐stage detector and classifier is proposed. Precisely, in the first stage, a decision is made on whether a target or a jamming exists. In the second stage, the decision is determined whether it is a target or a jamming. The detector is chosen as subspace‐based adaptive matched filter (SAMF) or adaptive energy detector (AED), while the classifier is selected as the subspace‐based adaptive beamformer orthogonal rejection test (SABORT), whitened SABORT (W‐SABORT), or orthogonal subspace‐based generalised likelihood ratio test (OSGLRT). Among these detectors and classifiers, the OSGLRT is proposed specially for classification in the scheme. Numerical experiments indicate that the proposed methods can achieve better detection and classification performance.
Purpose -It is well known that precision of mass unbalance measurement of sphere is determined by perturbing moments in contactless suspension systems. Therefore, estimating perturbing moment level in those systems is important and necessary to meet the requirements of a specified precision of mass unbalance measurement. Design/methodology/approach -In this paper, probability-theoretic method is employed to determine probability characteristics of the perturbing moments in both electrostatic suspension system and gas suspension system by statistically estimating of the quality of sphere surface. As a result, the relationship between probability characteristics of the perturbing moment and statistical estimates of the quality of sphere surface is established. It is expressed as a simple formula by specifying the correlation function of random field of sphere surface. Findings -Numerical experiments of the perturbing moment calculation in the two suspension systems show that for sphere with small correlation coefficient a, it is better to use gas suspension system for mass unbalance measurement. While for sphere with large correlation coefficient a, electrostatic suspension system is more suitable for its perturbing moment are less than gas suspension system. Originality/value -Knowledge of this relationship is of great theoretic and practical importance, since the probabilistic depiction of the perturbing moments, and hence the accuracy of the mass unbalance measurement systems can be estimated without a detailed roundness measurement of the sphere surface.
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