There were little studies to measure cervical range of movement in Japan. In the present study, we applied an electrical goniometer for 27 of subjects to record the range of motion and movement trajectories of head inclination and turning tasks. In comparison of ranges with those of the previous studies, the range in pitch was found to be identical, however, that in roll was larger. The range was then analyzed for handedness, age and gender. In this study, no difference was found for handedness and gender; however, younger subjects showed significantly larger range in posterior, right and left directions. This suggests that range of motion in the anterior direction may be restricted by the morphological factor rather than muscles and/or soft tissues which could be affected with aging.Movement trajectories represented on the horizontal plane revealed movement instabilities in some of the asymptomatic subjects.
Although the posture and jaw function has been speculated to relate to each other, little scientific evidence is presented in humans due to lack of recording method. To clarify that, we designed and tested a standard noninvasive, accurate, and repeatable clinical method to record head and trunk posture for hours in freely behaving humans. The system was evaluated by measuring the following tasks successively conducted by five subjects: 1) reading a sheet of text (vertical and horizontal documents) while sitting on a chair, 2) sitting on a chair (in an upright position and freely), 3) walking slowly (in an upright position and freely) in a room, 4) tilting the head (anterior and posterior directions and right and left directions) and 5) turning the head (right and left) while sitting on a chair.Characteristic features were observed in the volunteers performing the reading and head movement tasks. While reading text of vertically lined letters, head movement was in the antero-posterior direction along with the direction of the letters, however, movement was limited when the volunteers read text of horizontally lined letters. During head tilting and turning, head and trunk movement was in the same direction for pitch but in the opposite direction for roll. In conclusion, this system accurately records head and trunk posture individually in human subjects; it is easily operated for clinical use and small enough to sit on the patient's trunk for hours of recording. A potential problem may be its battery consumption; however, current technology may overcome this.
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