Some of the authors have reported that a complex hydride, Li(BH(4)), with the (BH(4))(-) anion exhibits lithium fast-ion conduction (more than 1 x 10(-3) S/cm) accompanied by the structural transition at approximately 390 K for the first time in 30 years since the conduction in Li(2)(NH) was reported in 1979. Here we report another conceptual study and remarkable results of Li(2)(BH(4))(NH(2)) and Li(4)(BH(4))(NH(2))(3) combined with the (BH(4))(-) and (NH(2))(-) anions showing ion conductivities 4 orders of magnitude higher than that for Li(BH(4)) at RT, due to being provided with new occupation sites for Li(+) ions. Both Li(2)(BH(4))(NH(2)) and Li(4)(BH(4))(NH(2))(3) exhibit a lithium fast-ion conductivity of 2 x 10(-4) S/cm at RT, and the activation energy for conduction in Li(4)(BH(4))(NH(2))(3) is evaluated to be 0.26 eV, less than half those in Li(2)(BH(4))(NH(2)) and Li(BH(4)). This study not only demonstrates an important direction in which to search for higher ion conductivity in complex hydrides but also greatly increases the material variations of solid electrolytes.
The new complex hydride Li3(NH2)2I exhibiting fast-ion conduction is reported. Li3(NH2)2I has the characteristic double-layered structure with a = 7.09109(5) Å and c = 11.50958(10) Å (P63
mc). Because of the unique crystal structure, Li3(NH2)2I exhibits fast-ion conductivity of 1 × 10−5 S/cm at 296 K.
Methylation is an important event in the biotransformation pathway for many drugs and xenobiotic compounds. We screened DNA from 48 Japanese individuals for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in six methyltransferase (MT) genes (catechol-O-MT, COMT; guanidinoacetate N-MT, GAMT; histamine N-MT, HNMT; nicotinamide N-MT, NNMT; phosphatidylethanolamine N-MT, PEMT; and phenylethanolamine N-MT, PNMT) by direct sequencing of their entire genomic regions except for repetitive elements. This approach identified 190 SNPs and seven insertion/deletion polymorphisms among the six genes. Of the 190 SNPs, 33 were identified in the COMT gene, 6 in GAMT, 41 in HNMT, 8 in NNMT, 98 in PEMT, and 4 in PNMT. Nine were located in 5' flanking regions, 156 in introns, 10 in exons, and 15 in 3' flanking regions. These variants may contribute to a more precise understanding of possible correlations between genotypes and disease-susceptibility phenotypes or risk for side effects from drugs.
Human microsomal and soluble epoxide hydrolases (mEH and sEH) are enzymes that metabolize xenobiotic molecules. We screened DNA from 48 Japanese individuals for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in both genes by direct sequencing of the entire genomic regions containing EPHX1 and EPHX2, except for repetitive elements. This approach identified 33 SNPs in the EPHX1 gene; 6 of them were located in the 5Ј flanking region, 17 in introns, 8 in exons, and 2 in the 3Ј flanking region. In the EPHX2 gene, we identified 36 SNPs, including 4 in the 5Ј flanking region, 24 in introns, 5 in exons, and 3 in the 3Ј flanking region, as well as one insertion/deletion polymorphism in the 5Ј flanking region. These variants may contribute to a more precise understanding of the nature of correlations between genotypes and disease-susceptibility phenotypes that have been postulated in regard to human microsomal and soluble epoxide hydrolases.
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