Breeding records from 1997 to 2000 for West African Dwarf goats kept under an intensive management system on the National Breeding Station at Kintampo in Ghana were analysed for the effect on mortality of sex, season and type of birth, and birth weight. The pre-weaning and post-weaning mortalities were 10% (n = 390) and 23.1% (n = 351), respectively, while the overall mortality from birth up to 12 months of age was 30.8% (n = 390). The post-weaning period recorded significantly higher proportions of deaths in males, females, single-born and twins, during the rainy and dry seasons, and for kids with low or high birth weight, compared to the pre-weaning period. There was significantly higher mortality in male kids than in female kids. The odds and risks of death for male kids were about twice those for females at post-weaning and up to 1 year of age. At pre-weaning and up to 1 year of age, a higher proportion of the dead were twins. Twins had approximately 2.5 the risk of death at pre-weaning, compared to singles. Also, kids born in the rainy season had significantly higher mortality than those born in the dry season. Kids that died by the time of weaning were significantly lighter in weight at birth than those that survived. Male kids had significantly higher mean weights at birth and at weaning, but not at 12 months of age. The significance of these findings is discussed.
BAFFOUR-AWUAH, O., ANTIRI, Y. K. & DONKOR, J.: Facteurs environnementaux influençant la performance des chèvres naines d'Afrique Occidentale sous le système de gestion demi-intensif. Des données sur 562 chevreaux d'une bande de chèvres naines d'Afrique occidentale maintenues sous le système de gestion demi-intensif au Centre d'Élevage National de Chèvre, Kintampo pendant de cinq ans (1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001) ont été employées pour l'étude. Les indices d'étude obtenus étaient le poids de naissance, sexe de l'enfant, type de naissance, le poids de sevrant à l'âge de 90 jours et des taux de croissance et de la survie de pré-sevrage parmi les chevreaux. Les valeurs moyennes globales pour le poids de naissance, le poids de sevrage et le gain moyenne quotidien de pré-sevrage étaient de 1.17 kg, 4.05 kg et 32.0 g/jour, respectivement. Le taux de survie de chevreau de pré-sevrage était 92.2% ayant pour résultat un taux de mortalité global de chevreau de pré-sevrage de 7.8%. Les proportions des isolées, des jumeaux et les triplets étaient 4.2, 50.2 et 1.6%, respectivement. Les tailles moyennes de portée à la naissance et au sevrage étaient 1.35 et 1.25, respectivement. Les analyses statistiques des données ont indiqué des différences significatif (P<0.05) dans les sources de variation dues à l'année et la saison de naissance, le type de naissance et le sexe du chevreau, suggérant une influence de ces facteurs sur la croissance et la survie des chevreaux jusqu'à l'âge de sevrage.
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