The aim of the present study was to identify the effect of swimming on nerve root pain in rats with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). A total of 72 male Sprague Dawley rats (215±15 g) were randomly divided into three groups (n=24/group): The sham operation, model and exercise intervention groups, with the latter undergoing 4 weeks of swimming training. On days 0, 7, 14 and 28 following surgery, the changes in the post-limb mechanical claw threshold, the phospholipase A2 (PLA2), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA expression levels, the secretory PLA2 (sPLA2) expression, the IL-6 and TNF-α content, the nuclear factor (NF)-κBp65 protein expression level in the nucleus pulposus, and the apoptotic rate of the nucleus pulposus cells were detected. The results demonstrated that, in the model group, the threshold of hind paw withdrawal was decreased, and that the sPLA2 expression, IL-6 and TNF-α content, PLA2, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA and NF-κBp65 protein expression levels in the nucleus pulposus were increased. The apoptotic rate of the nucleus pulposus cells was increased from day 7 following surgery, as compared with the sham operation group. In the exercise intervention group, the hind paw withdrawal threshold increased and the TNF-α and IL-6 content, sPLA2 expression and PLA2, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA and NF-κBp65 protein expression levels were decreased from day 14 following surgery, and the apoptotic nucleus pulposus cells were decreased from day 7 following surgery, as compared with the model group. Collectively, the present data suggest that swimming can significantly reduce nerve root pain and inhibit inflammatory reaction in LDH, which can have positive effects on the treatment of LDH.
Ankylosing spondylitis(AS) is one of the most common immune arthritic diseases in the world. Considerable efforts have been made to elucidate its pathogenesis, but the molecular mechanisms of ankylosing spondylitis are still not fully understood. To identify candidate genes in AS progression, the microarray dataset GSE25101 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and functionally enriched for analysis, and a protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed and performed using STRING and cytoHubba Modular analysis was performed, and immune cell and immune function analysis, functional analysis and drug prediction were performed. The results showed that DEGs were mainly associated with histone modifications, chromatin organization, transcriptional coregulator activity, transcriptional co-activator activity, histone acetyltransferase complexes, and protein acetyltransferase complexes. Differences in expression between the CONTROL and TREAT groups in terms of immunity were analyzed to determine the effect on TNF-α secretion. Two therapeutic agents, AY 11-7082 and Myricetin were predicted by obtaining hub genes. In conclusion, the DEGs, hub genes and predicted drugs identified in this study contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of AS and provide candidate targets for the diagnosis and treatment of AS.
Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is one of the most common immune-mediated arthritic diseases worldwide. Despite considerable efforts to elucidate its pathogenesis, the molecular mechanisms underlying AS are still not fully understood. Methods To identify candidate genes involved in AS progression, the researchers downloaded the microarray dataset GSE25101 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. They identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and functionally enriched them for analysis. They also constructed a protein–protein interaction network (PPI) using STRING and performed cytoHubba modular analysis, immune cell and immune function analysis, functional analysis and drug prediction.The results showed that DEGs were mainly associated with histone modifications, chromatin organisation, transcriptional coregulator activity, transcriptional co-activator activity, histone acetyltransferase complexes and protein acetyltransferase complexes. Results The researchers analysed the differences in expression between the CONTROL and TREAT groups in terms of immunity to determine their effect on TNF-α secretion. By obtaining hub genes, they predicted two therapeutic agents, AY 11–7082 and myricetin. Conclusion The DEGs, hub genes and predicted drugs identified in this study contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of AS. They also provide candidate targets for the diagnosis and treatment of AS.
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