Lithium‐ion capacitors (LICs) with capacitor‐type cathodes and battery‐type anodes are considered a promising next‐generation advanced energy storages system that meet the requirements of high energy density and power density. However, the mismatch of charge‐storage capacity and electrode kinetics between positive and negative electrodes remains a challenge. Herein, layered SnS2/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanocomposites are developed for negative electrodes and a 2D B/N codoped carbon (BCN) nanosheet is designed for the positive electrode. The SnS2/RGO derived from SnS2‐bonded RGO of high conductivity exhibits a capacity of 1198 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1. Boron and nitrogen atoms in BCN are found to promote adsorption of anions, which enhance the pseudocapacitive contribution as well as expanding the voltage of LICs. A quantitative kinetics analysis indicates that the SnS2/RGO electrodes with a dominating capacitive mechanism and a diminished intercalation process, benefit the kinetic balance between the two electrodes. With this particular structure, the LIC is able to operate at the highest operating voltage for these devices recorded to date (4.5 V), exhibiting an energy density of 149.5 W h kg−1, a power density of 35 kW kg−1, and a capacity retention ratio of 90% after 10 000 cycles.
Halloysite-based tubular nanorockets
with chemical-/light-controlled
self-propulsion and on-demand acceleration in velocity are reported.
The nanorockets are fabricated by modifying halloysite nanotubes with
nanoparticles of silver (Ag) and light-responsive α-Fe2O3 to prepare a composite of Ag–Fe2O3/HNTs. Compared to the traditional fabrication of tubular
micro-/nanomotors, this strategy has merits in employing natural clay
as substrates of an asymmetric tubular structure, of abundance, and
of no complex instruments required. The velocity of self-propelled
Ag–Fe2O3/HNTs nanorockets in fuel (3.0%
H2O2) was ca. 1.7 times higher under the irradiation
of visible light than that in darkness. Such light-enhanced propulsion
can be wirelessly modulated by adjusting light intensity and H2O2 concentration. The highly repeatable and controlled
“weak/strong” propulsion can be implemented by turning
a light on and off. With the synergistic coupling of the photocatalysis
of the Ag–Fe2O3 heterostructure and advanced
oxidation in H2O2/visible light conditions,
the Ag–Fe2O3/HNTs nanorockets achieve
an enhanced performance of wastewater remediation. A test was done
by the catalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride. The light-enhanced
propulsion is demonstrated to accelerate the degradation kinetics
dramatically. All of these results illustrated that such motors can
achieve efficient water remediation and open a new path for the photodegradation
of organic pollutions.
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