We describe here two new species, Zhuqinia jingwanae, gen. & sp. nov. and Paronellides praefectus, sp. nov., both from Mount Twynam, New South Wales, Australia. The systematic position of Zhuqinia, gen. nov. in relation to other paronellids is not clear because the new genus possesses pointed, heavily striated scales similar to species of Callyntrurini. However, unlike species in that tribe, it lacks dental scales. Instead, Zhuqinia, gen. nov. is more similar to the unscaled genus Paronellides (Cremastocephalini) in other characters (abundant tergal macrochaetae, 2, 2|1, 2, 2, ?, 3 tergal S-chaetae, moderately long mucro with two teeth, etc.) but body scales are absent in all species of Paronellides. Multilocus phylogeny shows Zhuqinia, gen. nov. clustering with Paronellides rather than Callyntrurini or other Cremastocephalini genera. This study provides new information on the relationships between paronellid taxa, and changes the current higher classification of the family, particularly that of the tribes Cremastocephalini and Callyntrurini. As the new genus is known only from two peaks in the Snowy Mountain range, our data emphasise the role of montane areas as refugia for short-range endemic taxa.

Molecular analysis and a detailed morphological comparison revealed that Tomocerus similis Chen & Ma was described from individuals belonging to several species from several localities. Based on both old and new material from Anhui and Jiangsu Provinces, China, T. similis is redescribed and two new species are described. The three species are morphologically similar. Tomocerus persimilis sp. nov. differs from the others by the presence of central macrochaeta on head and of several distinct distal inner teeth on unguis. Tomocerus dissimilis sp. nov. is characterised by pointed tenent hairs on anterior legs. Remarks are made on the systematics and ecology of the kinoshitai complex, and on the taxonomic value of tenent hair and its adjacent chaetae.

Known as the Belt and Road Initiative, China Railway(CR) Express is a cross-continent railway container transport mode between China and Europe, and plays an important role for connecting China and Eurasia market to boost the regional economy. In order to balance cargo flow and improve transport efficiency, this paper proposes a hierarchical multimodal hub location problem with time restriction for CR Express network. A mix integer programming is formulated and derived, and some results are concluded based on our observation and investigation on CR Express. The results illustrate the rail hub location in China with different rail hub number input, and the hinterland of every hub is explored as well. The rail hubs tend to cover more regions first and then be spatially agglomerative in the central and western regions of China. Moreover, we find that the city Wulanchabu that is located in Inner Mongolia Province has the largest hinterland range, and that strong competition among hubs exists in central and western of China, especially for Zhengzhou, Xi'an, Chongqing and Chengdu. INDEX TERMS China Railway Express, hierarchical hub location, mix integer programming, multimodal transport, belt and road initiative. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Tai-Hoon Kim .

No abstract

Three new species of Willowsia collected from Guizhou Province, China are described here: W. sexachaeta sp. nov., W. christianseni sp. nov., and W. tanae sp. nov. They have spinulate scales on the body. Colour pattern and dorsal chaetotaxy are the main diagnostic characters for these species. A table summarizing the main differences between all Chinese Willowsia species is given.

The genus Willowsia Shoebotham, 1917 belongs to the family Entomobryidae. Within the family it is characterised by having 4-segmented antennae, 8+8 eyes, spines and scales absent from dens, claw with unpaired inner teeth, bidentate mucro and scales on body. Twenty-six species have been described in the genus worldwide including eight species from China. Two new species, Willowsia pseudoshi sp. nov. and W. variabilis sp. nov., from China are described here. The former species has pale yellow antennae except for distal part of Antenna IV which has some blue pigment and 4 macrochaetae are present on Abdomen I. The latter species has the whole antenna pigmented blue and 7-8 macrochaetae present on Abdomen I. A key to Chinese species of Willowsia is given.

A new species, Dicranocentrus wangi, is described from Guangdong, South China. The new species is most similar to the Philippine species D. luzonensis Mari Mutt, 1985 and the Singapore species D. simplex Yosii, 1959 in the arrangement of dental spines, but differs from them in the number of dental spines and in other characters. A key to Asian species of Dicranocentrus is provided.

A new species, Tomocerus (Tomocerina) tianshanensis, from Xinjiang of northwest China is described. It is distinguished from other members of the subgenus by the presence of intermediate mucronal teeth, single trochanteral organ setae on the trochanter, no macrochaetae on the posterior third of the head and strongly clavate tenet hairs. It is most similar to the Japanese species T. aokii Yosii 1972 and the Chinese species T. yiliensis. A diagnostic table and key to the subgenus Tomocerina are provided.