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An ionic liquid N-hexylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate (HPPF 6 ) modified carbon paste electrode was fabricated for the sensitive voltammetric determination of adenosine in this paper. Carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE) was prepared by mixing graphite powder and HPPF 6 together and the CILE was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical methods. The electrochemical behaviors of adenosine on the CILE were studied carefully. Compared with the traditional carbon paste electrode (CPE), a small negative shift of the oxidation peak potential appeared with greatly increase of the oxidation peak current, which indicated the presence of ionic liquid in the carbon paste not only as the binder but also as the modifier and promoter. Under the optimal conditions the oxidation peak current increased with the adenosine concentration in the range from 1.0 Â 10 À6 mol/L to 1.4 Â 10 À4 mol/L with the detection limit of 9.1 Â 10 À7 mol/L (S/N ¼ 3) by differential pulse voltammetry. The proposed method was applied to the human urine samples detection with satisfactory results.